ASEXUAL Starting plants

by means other
PROPAGATION than seed
 Stem
CUTTINGS Leaf
Root
 Dip the cutting in
fungicides to help prevent
STEM CUTTINGS rotting
Herbaceous plants are
Start with sterile flats,
soil, and tools.
soft-tissue plants
Must include a node. Woody plants are plants
Cutting is taking a node that produce woody tissue.
4-6 inch piece of the plant Plant examples:
and forcing roots to grow. Herbaceous: geranium,
Use rooting hormone to impatiens, begonia, coleus
help speed up the process. Woody cuttings: holly,
abelia, rosemary
LEAF CUTTINGS
Usually propagated from
herbaceous plants
Midrib vein must be cut in
order to make roots form
Plant examples:
African violet
Philodendron
snake plant
jade plant
ROOT CUTTINGS
Should be spaced 3
inches apart in rooting
area
Sand, vermiculite, or
perlite mixture is a good
medium for root cuttings
Plant examples:
Hosta
Daylily
 Air Layering
LAYERING Trench Layering
Mound Layering
 AIR LAYERING
Make an incision at the node of the branch
Dust with rooting hormone
Place sphagnum moss in plastic wrap & wrap around
the incision. This will force roots to grow on the
stem of the plant.
Once roots form, remove below the new roots for a
new plant
Plant examples:
Decora rubber plant
TRENCH LAYERING
Cutting a trench in There are three
the soil and laying a kinds of trench
branch in the trench layering:
Simple
to grow.
Tip
New plants form at Serpentine
each node along the Plant examples:
stem while still Grapes
attached to the plant Clematis
TRENCH LAYERING
SIMPLE
LAYERING
Bend a low growing,
flexible stem to the
ground
Cover part of it with soil.
Leaving 6+ inches above
the soil.
Bend the tip into a vertical
position and stake in
place.
The sharp bend will induce
rooting but wounding the
stem will also help.
TRENCH LAYERING Similar to simple layering.
TIP LAYERING Dig a hole 3-4 inches deep.
Insert the tip of a current seasons
shoot and cover it with soil.
The tip grows downward first,
then bends sharply and grows
upward.
Roots form at the bend.
The re-curved tip becomes a new
plant. Remove the tip layer and
plant it in late fall or early spring.
TRENCH LAYERING
Similar to simple layering, but
SERPENTINE several layers can result from a
LAYERING single stem.
Bend the stem to the rooting
medium as for simple layering,
but alternately cover and expose
sections of the stem.
Each section should have at
least one bud exposed and one
bud covered with soil.
Wound the lower side of each
stem section to be covered.
MOUND Cut the plant back to 1 inch
LAYERING above the soil surface in the
dormant season.
Dormant buds will produce
new shoots in the spring.
Mound soil over the new
shoots as they grow.
Roots will develop at the
bases of the young shoots.
Remove the layers in the
dormant season.
Plant example: azaleas
 Cutting apart
rhizomes, stolons
DIVISION (runners), tubers,
or suckers to get
new plants.
RHIZOM
ES
Modified stem
that is found
UNDERGROUND.
It often sends out
roots and shoots
from its nodes.
STOLON
S
Runners
Grow on the soil
surface.
Forming roots at the
nodes.
TUBERS
Modified plant
structure enlarged
to store nutrients.
Used by plants to
survive the winter.
SUCKER
S
When a root
sends up a
new stem
away from the
main stem.
DIVISION Iris
IS USED IN
PLANTS
THAT
GROW IN
CLUMPS.
Hosta

Daylily
 http://
www.finegardening.com/10-
VIDEO PAUSE. tips-dividing-perennial-p
lants

http://
www.finegardening.com/vid
 Separating natural
SEPARATION structures without
making a cut.
BULBS AND CORMS
Bulbs Corms
BULBS AND CORMS
Daffodils Crocus
 Joining
separate plant
GRAFTING parts together
to make one
plant.
GRAFTING

Plants must be related

to each other and
normally in the same
genus or family.
Plant examples:
Maples and fruit
trees
Sweetgum and
pecan
 Form of
grafting where
BUDDING a bud is used
instead of a
scion.
BUDDING
There are 3 methods:
Patch budding
T-budding
Chip budding
BUDDIN
G
Successful budding requires that the scion (top)
material have fully-formed, mature, dormant
buds.
Rootstock should be in a condition of active
growth such that the bark is slipping.
Bark is slipping means that the cambium is
actively growing and the bark can be peeled away
easily from the stock piece with little damage.
 http://
VIDEO PAUSE www.youtube
.com/watch?
 This is also called
TISSUE CULTURE micropropagation
(biotechnology).
TISSUE CULTURE
Just the facts
A sterile environment is necessary
It is a good way to get the most plants in a short period of time.
It will give you a plant identical to the parent.
LETS REVIEW:
There are 7
methods of asexual
propagation:
Cutting Grafting
Layering Budding
Division Tissue Culture
Separation
ADVANTAGES OF ASEXUAL
PROPAGATION
Plants mature in a shorter time.
Budding is faster that grafting
In trench layering, plant forms at each
node.
New plants are same as parent plant.
DISADVANTAGES
Some require special equipment and
skills, such as grafting.
Cuttings detach plant parts from water
and nutrients source.
Some plants are patented making
propagation illegal.