INFECTIOUS DISEASES

NEXT GENERATION SCIENCE/COMMON CORE STANDARDS

ADDRESSED!

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.2 Determine the central ideas or

information of a primary or secondary source; provide an
accurate summary that makes clear the relationships among
the key details and ideas.

CCSS.ELA-Literacy.RH.11-12.7 Integrate and evaluate multiple

sources of information presented in diverse formats and media
(e.g., visually, quantitatively, as well as in words) in order to
address a question or solve a problem.
AGRICULTURE, FOOD, AND NATURAL RESOURCE
STANDARDS ADDRESSED

AS.07.01. Design programs to prevent

animal diseases, parasites and other
disorders and ensure animal welfare.
AS.07.01.03.b. Identify and describe
common illnesses and disorders of animals
based on symptoms and problems caused
by wounds, diseases, parasites and
physiological disorders.
BELL WORK!
Name some of the infections that viruses can cause in
the digestive system.
Name some of the infections that bacteria can cause in
the digestive system.
Name some of the infections that parasites can cause in
the digestive system.
Name some of the infections viruses can cause in the
reproductive system.
What are predisposing factors that cause ear infections.
What are some of the infections that bacteria can cause
in the ears and eyes of animals.
TERMS!
ABSORPTION
ARTHRITIS
BOVINE
CANINE
CIRRHOSIS
INGESTING
NASAL
PATHOGEN
SALIVATION
SYMPTOM
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Infectious diseases impact several
different systems within the body which
include:
The digestive system
The respiratory system
The reproductive system
The integumentary system
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM!
An inflammation of the stomach and intestines is
known as gastroenteritis.
Gastroenteritis may be caused by bacteria,
viruses or parasites.
Symptoms include; vomiting , diarrhea, excessive
salivation, straining and abdominal pain.
Red bleeding is from the upper GI while dark
blood would be from the lower GI.
GI caused by viral pathogens is highly
contagious. The most common forms are canine
parvovirus and swine transmissible
gastroenteritis.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM - GASTROENTERITIS CONT.

Spore forming bacteria in the intestine

increase in numbers as a result of over
feeding or diet change.
Bots which are the parasitic larvae of the bot
fly may be found in the stomach of horses,
large numbers will lead to colic.
 INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIGESTIVE
CONT.
GI diseases caused by parasites may not be as evident
as those caused by a virus or bacteria.
Intestinal worms may live from a month to one year.
Severe cases may lead to anemia, diarrhea and
emaciation. Milder cases may show as a poor
performing animal. ( wt. gain, growth)
Nematodes (roundworms) are common in the
gastrointestinal tract of animals.
Trichostrongyles (hairworms) are found in the stomach and
intestines of ruminants.
Strongyles (bloodworms) infect the large intestines of horses.
Hookworms infect the small intestines of dogs and cats
Large roundworms infect the small intestines of pigs, dogs,
cats, horses, and poultry
Whipworms are found in the large intestines of dogs and pigs.
TRICHOSTRONGYLES STRONGYLES
INFECTIOUS DISEASES- DIGESTIVE
CONT.
Animals are infected with GI parasites
when they swallow larvae and eggs
while feeding.
To confirm the diagnosis of GI infection
a fecal flotation test should be
performed for confirmation if eggs are
found.
Some of the worms may suck blood
which can cause damage to the
arteries, liver and lungs.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES- DIGESTIVE
CONT.
There are other intestinal diseases that are caused
by protozoa.
Coccidiosis is common in dogs, cats, poultry and
young ruminants.
Trichomoniasis is also found in dogs.
Both of these diseases caused severe diarrhea that
may have blood and mucus present.
Death may occur as a result of severe dehydration
and anemia.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES DIGESTIVE
CONT.
Liver flukes are worms that cause
inflammation and scarring of the liver.
A liver disease known as hepatitis if
found in young cattle while older
animals suffer from cirrhosis of the
liver.
Symptoms are similar to other GI
parasite infections, especially a
malnourished appearance.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY /
REPRODUCTIVE
Inflammation of the sinuses is commonly
referred to as sinusitis.
An inflammation of the nasal passages is
known as Rhinitis.
Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the
eyelids which may accompany either
sinusitis or Rhinitis.
Strangles in horses is basically a combination
of both disorders.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY /
REPRODUCTIVE

An inflammation of the tonsils is known as

Tonsillitis.
Tonsillitis in dogs is quite common but rare in
cats.
Tonsillitis is the result of a bacterial infection,
symptoms may include coughing, retching,
gagging and mucus discharge.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY / REPRODUCTIVE
Pneumonitis (pneumonia) is an inflammation of the
air passages and lung tissue, with symptoms ranging
from a deep cough to difficulty in breathing.
Pneumonia may be caused by viral and bacterial
sources which will lead to congestion, hemorrhage,
mucus, and edema.
The other common viral respiratory diseases include:
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) in cattle
Equine rhinopneumoitis, Equine influenza
Swine Influenza
Canine distemper
Feline viral rhinotracheitis, feline calicivirus
Fowl infectious bronchitis, fowl infectious laryngotracheitis
Avian Influenza
IBR
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY /
REPRODUCTIVE

Worm parasites may also be the cause of

pneumonia in some animals.
Several species of lungworms may infect
horses, cattle, sheep and goats.
Coughing is the common symptom.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY /
REPRODUCTIVE

Bacterial, viral, and protozoal infections of the uterus

are known as metritis.
Bacterial infection usually occurs after birth indicated
by discharge of pus, it may have a very foul odor.
Other uterine disorders that may occur could be
premature birth, abortion, and retained placenta.
Bacterial diseases causing abortions include; vibriosis,
brucellosis, and, leptospirosis.
It may be necessary to perform lab tests on blood,
fetal, placental tissues or fetal discharge to determine
the cause.
METRITIS
INFECTIOUS DISEASES RESPIRATORY /
REPRODUCTIVE

Mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary glands

or udder tissue that may occur during lactation.
Bacterial infection may be the result of material
passing through the nipple, a wound or through the
blood stream.
Affected mammary glands are generally swollen,
warm to the touch and painful to the animal.
Infected milk will be discolored and thickened.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY
SYSTEM
An inflammation of the skin is known as
Dermatitis which is most commonly caused
by a bacterial infection. ( could be caused by
viruses, parasites, and fungi)
Common symptoms include itching, hair loss
and lesions.
If dermatitis is caused by pus forming
bacteria it is known as pyoderma.
Pyoderma is usually associated with skin
allergies or mange.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A pathogenic fungus is the cause of

ringworm which is highly contagious by
direct contact. Ringworm affects all domestic
livestock and man.
Children are very susceptible to ringworm.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Warts are fibrous tumors of the skin affecting

animals and humans.
Wards are caused by a virus which is
generally transported by a arthropod.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Poxvirus in the skin can causes a variety of

diseases for domestic livestock.
Animals acquire the virus from biting
arthropods.
Bumps, blisters and bumps are common
symptoms.
The diseases are named after the affected
animals, fowlpox, swinepox, and cowpox
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Ticks may be divided into two groups soft

ticks and hard ticks.
Hard ticks will attach directly to the animal
and feed for several days. Spread
anaplasmosis and Lyme disease.
Soft ticks usually affect fowl and are
intermittent feeders.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Dogs and cats are commonly affected with fleas

which may infest the animal with tapeworms.
Not only are fleas annoying to the animal but may
cause anemia.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Lice infestations are most common during the cooler

months of the year.
Lice infestations area common in cattle, swine and
poultry.
Biting and sucking lice will cause large areas of hair
loss.
Lice are most common in poultry, cattle and swine.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

A mange infestation like lice occurs mostly in the

cooler months of the year.
Mange life on the skin or in the ear canal of animals.
Mange affects few animal other than dogs and
cattle.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CARDIOVASCULAR/LYMPHATIC

Bacterial infections may cause;

Myocarditis inflammation of the heart muscle
Endocarditis inflammation of the heart lining
Pericarditis an inflammation of the heart sack
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
CARDIOVASCULAR/LYMPHATIC

Bites from mosquitos infect dos with a nematode

that matures in a dogs heart causing heartworms.
The worms/disease when large numbers of worms
inhibit blood flow.
An infected dog will cough, be weak, have rapid
breathing, and appear to be weak.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
MUSCULOSKELETAL/NERVOUS SYSTEM

Arthritis is an inflammation of a bone joint, poly

arthritis is an inflammation of multiple joints.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES-MUSCULOSKELETAL/NERVOUS
SYSTEM

An inflammation of the brain covering is known as

Meningitis.
Encephalitis is the inflammation of the brain tissue.
The two disorders may occur at the same time.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES- SPECIAL SENSES

The sensory organs most commonly affected by

disease include the ears and eyes.
Keratoconjunctivitis is a the inflammation of the
surface of the eyeball and the eyelid.
The inflammation of the eyeball is keratitis which is
evident when the cornea appears to be cloudy. The
eyelid may be crusty from drainage.
Pinkeye which is common in cattle, goats and man
would be an example of this disorder.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES SPECIAL SENSES

A bacterial ear infection is known as Otitis which is

characterized by itching and drainage.
Ear infections are most common in dogs and cats
but rare in larger animals.
THE END!