Water and Renewable Energy Resources in the

Red Sea Region

Eng. Sayed Mansour

Eng. Mahmoud Eisa
Wind Atlas
In 1996, a wind atlas of Suez Gulf
area was issued in cooperation
with the Danish, including wind
data for 4 sites; Abou Eldarag,
Zafarana, Elzait Gulf and
Hurghada.

The areas in the west of Suez Gulf

are considered as one of the best
uninhabited desert regions which
can host about 20000 MW
installed capacities of wind farms.
 Average Wind speed
12
10 10.4 10.5 10.3 10.8
10
8 8.8 9.2 9
8.4
7.5 7.5
6 6.7
5.6
4
2
0
Hurghada Wind Farm
The farm includes (42) units with different technologies and
capacities from US, Denmark and Germany (2 blades,3
blades, pitch control, stall control, lattice & tubular towers,
100 &300 KW units).
Some components were locally manufactured, such as
blades, towers, mechanical and electrical joints which
represent about 40% of the wind turbine.
The farm has been connected to the local grid of the city on
stages since 1993.
Hurghada Wind Farm

Experimental Site
The first turbine was
implemented in 1990 and then 3
turbines in 1992 from Wincon
company.
100 kwh per wind turbine.
Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site
In June 1993 the project Vents was the first project to
produce at the Main Site, including 10 wind turbines with 100
KWh each.
The project was a German Donation ,it was working with the
concept of pitch control system for two blades.
Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site
In 1994 the project Wincon has been
implemented and started to produce in
stages.
The total project is 20 turbines of 100
KWH each.
Hurghada Wind Farm

Main Site
In May 1995, the project Nordtank
has been implemented and started to
produce.
The total project is 6 turbine of 300
KWH each, working with the concept of
Aerodynamic brake system.
Hurghada Wind Farm

WETC
The WETC team performed a variety
of wind turbine tests and Power
Quality Assessments, plus training
courses on the field of new and
renewable energy.
Hurghada Wind Farm

Average wind speed

8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Hurghada Wind Farm

Production MWH
10000

8000

6000

4000

2000

0
Hurghada Wind Farm

Carbon emission
35.2 Ton
Hurghada Wind Farm

Fuel savings
13700 ton
Zafarana Wind Farm

First Large Scale Wind Farm In Egypt

Zafarana Wind Farm
This wind farm was implemented in several stages since 2001,
through Governmental cooperation protocols with Germany,
Denmark, Spain and Japan.

The total installed capacity in Zafarana wind farm is 545 MW.

The wind farm includes 700 turbines from different models (600
kw, 660 kw, 850 kw).
Zafarana Wind Farm
Production GWh
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Zafarana Wind Farm

Carbon emission
5068 (1000 TON)
Zafarana Wind Farm

Fuel Savings
1936,000 Ton
Wind Energy in Grid 2003

Thermal
Hydro
Wind
Wind Energy in Grid 2013
Future Wind Farms
200 MW Wind Farm Projects in Co-operation with KfW, European
Investment Bank (EIB) and European Commission in Gulf of Zayt
-> it is planned to be operated in two weeks from now.

220 MW In cooperation with the Japanese Government

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

120 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Spanish

Government -> it is planned to be operated in 2016.
Future Wind Farms
200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners
-> it is planned to be operated in 2016/ 2017.

200 MW will be financed equally between NREA and the Masder

Company (a company owned by UAE Government)
-> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.

200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the European Partners

->it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.
Future Wind Farms
200 MW will be financed in cooperation with the Japanese
Government
-> it is planned to be operated in 2017/ 2018.
Future Wind Farms via private sector (BOO)

250 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on BOO basis in the Gulf of

Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

500 MW Wind Farm (Private Sector) on a BOO basis in the Gulf of

Suez -> it is planned to be operated in 2017/2018.
Future Wind Farms via private sector, Third Party Access

120 MW Wind Farm in cooperation with Italgen in Gulf of Suez. The

project is under implementation
-> it is planned to be operated in 2016.

600 MW Wind Farm on Usufruct System

-> it is planned to be operated in 2016/2017 .
Water Resources in the Red Sea Area

Pipelines from the Nile Valley

Groundwater
Desalination plants
Rain
Pipelines from the Nile Valley
Qena-Safaga pipeline
- Has a total length of 180 km.
- There are three parallel lines with
different diameters: 200 mm, 300
mm and 400 mm. They are
supported by 13 pumping stations
distributed on the distance from Qena
to Safaga.
- The total capacities of the lines are
17,000 m3/d distributed on three
cities: Hurghada, Safaga and El-
Quseir
Pipelines from the Nile Valley
Koraimat pipeline
- The Koraimat pipeline has a diameter of
1000 mm to Ras Ghareb and then 600 mm
to Hurghada.
- The total capacity of the pipeline is 28,000
m3/d distributed on three cities: Zafarana,
Ras Ghareb and Hurghada. There are
seven pumping stations on the pipeline.
Rain & Groundwater
The Red Sea region is characterized by an arid climate, which varies
from hot and rainless summer to extremely dry winter
Average rainfall is 17.4 mm/y, the greatest amount of rainfall
precipitation was recorded in November 2004, with a value of 13
mm
The mean annual relative humidity is 43%
The mean annual evaporation rate is 16.8 mm.
Infiltration capacity of the top soil in the study area, describes the
passage of surface water into the ground for recharging shallow
groundwater aquifer
The measured infiltration rate ranges between 1.33 m/day to 8.18
m/day
Groundwater

Groundwater wells are

distributed mainly in
valleys in the Eastern
desert and serve the
Bedouin communities
Existing Desalination Plants in
Red sea Governorate

Total amount produced

12100 m3/day
Planned Desalination plants in Red sea Governorate
till 2037 Total capacity 507500 m3/day
 Total Capacity for desalination plants in Red-sea
till 2037
600

500

400

300

200

100

0
2012 2017 2022 2027 2032 2037
 Amount of Water Produced By different sources in
Red Sea Governorate

River Nile Sea Water

WTPs Desalination

Korimat WTP
Qena WTP 16 units
Beni Sueif

Total amount for Total amount Total amount

produced 80000 produced 17000 produced
m3/day m3/day 12100m3/day
Solar Radiation

Heat
Light
Egypt Annual Average of Direct Solar Radiation

Red Sea
region is from
7.7 to 9
KWh/m2/day
NREA : Solar Atlas

The solar Atlas was issued in 1991, indicated that the average direct
normal solar radiation ranges between 2000 3200 KWh/m2/year
from North to South with very few cloudy days.

The sunshine duration ranges between 9 11 hr/day.

NREA : Solar Thermal Water Heaters

The total installed area in Egypt is about 750 thousand m2.

There are about 20 Egyptian companies working in the field of

manufacturing, importing, and installation of solar water heaters.
NREA Projects

EGYSOL
The project is implemented in cooperation between Egyptian
Government, Italian Government and the United Nations
Environment Program (UNEP).

The project aims to implement a mechanism that support financing

the dissemination of solar water heaters in hotels & resorts in Red
Sea and Sinai Governorates with total cost of 500,000 US Dollar.
NREA Projects : EGYSOL

Hurghada
Hilton Long Beach
72.65 m2

Marriott Beach Resort

33 m2
NREA Projects : EGYSOL

4 projects in
Marsa Alam
NREA Projects : water desalination

was a simple project consisting of 6 units to produce about 350

Litter/day
Desalination plants without NREA
Solar Water Desalination in Hurghada Cooperation project between
Akotech and SE
NREA Projects : electricity
140 MW Kuraymat Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant
NREA Projects: Kuraymat

The project is one of 3 similar projects which are being implemented

in Africa (Morocco, Algeria and Egypt) and mainly depending on
integrating solar field with combined cycle.
The capacity of the project is 140 MW including solar share of 20
MW.
The Total cost is about 340 Million US Dollar including 50 Million
Dollar grant from the Global Environmental Facility (GEF).
The plant has been operated since July 2011.
NREA Projects: Photovoltic

Electrifying Remote
Villages by Photovoltic
System in Siwa, Matrouh
Governorate.

Photovoltic Solar Power

Plants with capacity
about 40 kw each.
NREA Projects: future Photovoltic
20 MW PV Power Plant in Hurghada in cooperation with JICA
NREA Projects: future Photovoltic

NREA is implementing the project for

electrifying 10 remote villages and
communities in Red Sea region by
using Photovoltaic System in
collaboration with the UAE.
NREA and Private sector Projects: future Photovoltic

In July 2012, the Egyptian Solar

Plan has been approved by the
Cabinet, which is targeting to
install about 3500 MW capacity
by 2027 with private investment
share of 67%, including
enhancement of relevant local
industry.
PV project not including NREA

Electrifying
road poles in
Hurghada
Resources Energy
Vission and Strategy
Information
A Need to CHANGE
A Need to SAVE
Strategy : Simple
Strategy : Creative
Strategy : Cheap
Strategy : locally manufactured
Business markets