SEMINAR REPORT

ON
ETHICS IN
INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY

Submitted to:- Submitted by:-

Lect. Manjeet Kaur Davinder Kaur

Class-MBA 4th Sem. Roll

No-15722
 Acknowledgement

Being a student of Master of Business Administration Course

seminar report are essential exercise & every student of

professional studies is compulsory to go through these type of
project to find out the exposure of corporate world & its day-
to-day dynamic characteristics. It was privilege for me to
undertake my seminar report under guidance of Lect. Ms.
Manjeet Kaur, of management department. I would like to
express my deep sense of gratitude to Lect. Ms. Manjeet
Kaur for her valuable guidance inspiration and
encouragement. I received from them all research period and
without their contribution the completion of project might not
be possible.

I wish to acknowledge my gratitude to all respondent

whose sincere response helped me to accomplish the project.
 Index

Acknowledgement
Introduction about Ethics
Meaning of IT
Effect of IT
Advantages of IT
Disadvantages of IT
Impact of Govt. Policy in IT
Effects of Govt. Policy in IT
Conclusion
Introduction: What are Ethics?

The study of what it means to do the right thing

(A Gift of Fire: Social, Legal, and Ethical Issues for
Computing Technology, (4th ed) Sara Baase p.333)

Making a principle-based choice between competing

alternatives
(Ethical decision making and information
technology : an introduction with cases. E A
Kallman & J P Grillo, p.3)

Ethics comes from a Greek word meaning usual or the

instituted order

Making principled decisions

Making defensible decisions
 What are Ethics?

Principles based on our understanding of what is good, right,

proper, moral, or ethical.
Ideas of behaviour that are commonly acceptable to society
We are influenced by a variety of sources such as family,
religious institutions, educational institutions, professional
organisations, government, etc.
State of Ethics in the IT Community

What are ethics, & why are ethics necessary in the world today
? Also who is responsible foe ensuring their compliance ?
Knowing the difference between what you have the right
to do & what is the right thing to do
Primarily, ethics are the code of conduct that management
& professional organizations institute, & professionals
follow, to ensure that they protect the privacy & earn the
trust of the customers
Laws are also in place in many industries to legislate the
ethical behavior of professionals.
It cannot be captured in rule is has to come from an
individuals desire to do the right thing
In IT the individuals may bear the burden for ethical behavior
IT is usually looked at as the provider of tools to meet the goals
of the business, not the business itself.
In western societies more people are employed collecting
handling & distributing information than in any other
occupation
Ethical Areas of Concern

IT community has neglected to address these ethical issues

Richard O.Mason identifies Four Ethical Issues of the
Information Age
Privacy, Accuracy, Property, and Access

Privacy
The drive for information privacy is epidemic in the world
Free-PC.com
There are many advocates for information privacy, but the
conflict lies in how to protect something that many value
so little they are willing to give in away

Going hand in hand with privacy is the concept of

anonymity
Accuracy

The very nature of the IT industry is the collection & analysis of

day
Two major hindrances to information accuracy

Today we are producing so much information about so many

people & their activities that our exposure to problems of
inaccuracy is enormous
2nd barrier to accuracy is the community of the internet
itself.
The issue is that there is no control, no peer review, and no
obstacle to keep the accurate information from being
overshadowed by the disinformation
The posters of the inaccurate information are not held liable
for their lack of ethics
Property

The area of property is concerned with the rights to use or

share the data in question
This could deprive the owner of the income generated by said
ownership
Two major ways that non-ethical use of data affects the data
owners
Piracy
Plagiarism
Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA)
Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA)

Other Ethical Concerns

Computer Crime
The IT Professional
 Meaning of IT

Information technology (IT) is the use of any computers,

storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure
and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange
all forms of electronic data. Typically, IT is used in the context
of enterprise operations as opposed to personal or
entertainment technologies. The commercial use of IT
encompasses both computer technology and telephony.
The term information technology was coined by theHarvard
Business Review, in order to make a distinction between
purpose-built machines designed to perform a limited scope of
functions and general-purpose computing machines that could
be programmed for various tasks. As the IT industry evolved
from the mid-20thcentury, it encompassedtransistorsand
integrated circuits-- computing capability advanced while
device cost and energy consumption fell lower, a cycle that
continues today when new technologies emerge.
 Impact of Govt. Poilcy in IT

ONCE upon a time economists thought government policies has no

impact on business. But after the Great Depression of the 1930s,
Keynes, the great economist, showed government policies could
effect business. For example, if a government imposes more taxes
and duties on a particular sector than is justified by its profit margin,
it would go down or the businessmen in it can lose their interest in
the sector and can give up their business. Similarly, tax and duty
exemption for a particular .

The prevailing global order has a tremendous impact on a

country's business. It may be legal or illegal. For example, the
USA manipulate the UN to impose sanctions on Iraq in the
1990s. The sanctions destroyed Iraqi business for which it lost
business worth billions of dollars as well as its money in the
banks of the USA and its allies. Iran is another example. The
impact of government policy on business can be explained from
the political and technical nersnective.
From the political pint of view, political parties, their ideologies
as well as world politics are relevant.

From the technical perspective, the following policies of a

government can impact business directly or indirectly: (a)
taxation, (b) subsidies, (c) interest rates, (d) exchange rates, and
(e) public-private partnerships.

The government policy of a country depends upon its political

culture.
 The government policy of a country depends upon its political
culture. It can also vary depending on the form of government.
Policy in a communist country will be different from that in a
democracy or monarchy. The government policy in a politically
stable country will also be different from an unstable country.
In a stable political system, a government can take sustained
business-friendly decisions to strengthen local business. The
government, in this situation, In such a negative political
culture, a country cannot have a sustained business-friendly
environment or policy. In an unstable system, a government
finds it difficult to maintain law and order which affects the
business environment. It hampers business. Foreign investors
do not invest in such an environment.
Taxation policy can affect businesses. High tax rate on
imported products would encourage local entrepreneurs to
produce goods at home. But high tax rate on raw materials
will discourage domestic production and encourage imports.
Lending rates of the banks and the financial policy of a
government can affect the economy. If interest rate rises,
investment falls because businessmen would not borrow at
unviable rates
 Effects Of Information Technology

The aim of this report is to address the effects of Information

Technology on the society. Technology is increasingly playing a
crucial role in the success of organizations in the information
age. The impact of Inmformation technology has been
enormous on various domains like business, education,
medicine etc. Computer and the information they process and
store have transformer every aspect of the society. This rapid
evaluation of IT has good & bad impact on our every day life.
 Introduction

Information technology (IT) is "the study, design,

development, implementation, support or management of

computer-based information systems, particularly software

applications, computer hardware and mobile devices."IT deals

with the use of electronic computers and computer software to

convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely

retrieve information. Many companies now have IT

departments for managing the computers, networks, and

other technical areas of their business. IT jobs include

computer programming, network administration, computer

engineering, Web development, technical support and many

other.
 Advantages of IT

Globalization - IT has not only brought the world closer

together, but it has allowed the world's economy to
become a single interdependent system. This means
that we can not only share information quickly and
efficiently, but we can also bring down barriers of
linguistic and geographic boundaries and countries are
able to shares ideas and information with each other.
Communication - With the help of information
technology, communication has also become cheaper,
quicker, and more efficient. The internet has also
opened up face to face direct communication from
different parts +ke.
 Disadvantages of IT

Unemployment - While information technology may have

streamlined the business process it has also created job
redundancies, downsizing and outsourcing. This means that a lot
of lower and middle level jobs have been done away with
causing more people to become unemployed.
Privacy - Though information technology may have made
communication quicker, easier and more convenient, it has also
bought along privacy issues. From cell phone signal interceptions
to email
The aim of this report is to address the effects of Information
Technology on the society. Technology is increasingly playing a
crucial role in the success of organizations in the information
age. The impact of Information Technology has been enormous
on various domains like business, education, medicine etc...
Computers and the information they process and store have
transformed every aspect of the society. This rapid evolution of IT
has good and bad impact on our everyday life. This paper will
summarize the key aspects of human interaction and others
domain that may be affected by the new technologies.
 Effect of Government Policy

Advertising
Laws pertaining to marketing and advertising set in motion by the
Federal Trade Commission exist to protect consumers and keep
companies honest about their products, according to Business.gov.
Every business in the country is required to comply with the truth-
in-advertising laws and could face lawsuits for violation.
Truth-in-advertising laws are made up of dozens of tidbits under
three main requirements: advertising in the United States must be
truthful and non-misleading; businesses need to be able to back
up claims made in advertisements at any time; and
advertisements must be fair to competitors and consumers.
Additionally, in compliance with the Fair Packaging and Labeling
Act of 1966, all product labels must include information about the
product, such as nutrition, size, and distribution and
manufacturing information and advertisements must be fair to
competitors and consumers. Additionally, in compliance with the
Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1966, all product labels must
include information about the product, such as nutrition, size, and
distribution and manufacturing information.
 Employment and Labor

Among the ever-changing regulations in business are

employment laws.

These laws pertain to minimum wages, benefits, safety and

health compliance, work for non-U.S. citizens, working
conditions, equal opportunity employment, and privacy
regulations--and cover the largest area of subjects of all the
business regulations. Several employment regulations stand
out as the heavy hitters among the others. The Fair Labor
Standards Act, applied by the Wage and Hour Division, set
the minimum wage for workers in the United States. As of
2010, decisions made by the division affect more than
 Environmental
The carbon footprint of businesses on the environment is
regulated by the Environmental Protection Agency alongside
state agencies. The EPA enforces environmental laws passed
by the federal government through educational resources,
frequent inspections and local agency accountability. The
Environmental Compliance Assistance Guide exists to help
businesses--small and large alike--achieve environmental
compliance, and serves as an educational resource more
than an enforcer.

Privacy Sensitive information is usually collected from

employees and customers during hiring and business
transactions, and privacy laws prevent businesses from
disclosing this information freely. Information collected
can include social security number, address, name,
health conditions, credit card and bank numbers
 Conclusion

Information Technology is one of the diverse field than imagine

and is related to the ethics in various ways. Most of the people
are unknown how they have abuse of Ethical benchmark in
information technology. So rather than taking about the ethics,
people should get aware to do something ethical.