Sociological and

Anthropological
Foundations of
Education
Reported by:
Charlie Cabatan
Keith Kainne Garino
Rose Medrano
Jinky Rose Potes
Mark Anthony Placido
Sociology of Education

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Sociology

The science of man and society.

Study of patterns of human
behavior.
Study of groups and societies
and how they affect the people.

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Sociology of Education

Provides a study of the

relationships between society
and the educational processes
which contribute to the analysis
and solution to problems
confronting the education
system.

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Society

A group of organized individuals who

think of themselves as a distinct
group, and who live together sharing
the same culture occupying the
same territory, who interrelates and
interacts with one another, recruits
its members by inter group sexual
reproduction and has a shared
comprehensive culture, with
common shared attitudes,
sentiments, aspirations and goals.

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Socialization

A process of adapting or
conforming to the common needs
and interests of a social group.
A process whereby people learn the
attitudes, values and actions
appropriate to individuals as
members of a particular society,
where a member of a group learns
and internalizes the norms and
standards of the other member
among whom he/she lives.
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Agents of Socialization
Family smallest institution whose
members are united by blood, marriage
or adoption, constituting a household and
having a common culture.
School/Education established by
society for the basic enculturation of the
group, an agency which makes students
learns how to value oneself and
eventually others; an agency organized
by society for the basic function of
teaching and learning.
Church
Mass media

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 Institutional Group
Agencies for Education
There are three (3) very important groups that
serve as agencies for learning.

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Family

Smallest social institution.

Educative functions of the Family
(Home):
Health Education proper food
to eat, proper hygiene.
Ethics, Morality, Religion
spiritual, moral, and desirable
social values.
Socialization roles and status
in society.
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Family

Psychomotor and
manipulative skills how to
walk, dance and to use
properly kitchen tools,
utensils, etc.
Academic reading, writing,
arithmetic.

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School

An institution, center of learning,

established by society in which
the accumulated experiences of
the past generations are passed
on to the incoming generation
by means of systematized
programs of instructions.
Roles of the School:
The school as an agent of
socialization.
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School

The school as an agent of culture

transmission by enculturation and
acculturation.
The school as an agent of cultural
change.
The school as agent of modernization.
Other functions:
Serves as a multi-purpose
institution.
Provides training of the mind,
teaches the basics.

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School

Develops problem solving

and critical thinking.
Promotes social integration,
enculturation and cultural
perception.
Accelerates adjustment of
society.

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Church

A lifetime school of learning.

Education from the Church
(through the bible):
History
Prophecies
Divine values

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Anthropology of
Education

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Anthropology

Science that studies the origin

and development of man, his
work and achievements which
includes the study of physical,
intellectual, moral, social and
cultural development of man,
including his customs, mores,
folkways and beliefs.

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 Anthropological-
Sociological Implications to
Education
The curricular program of all
learning institutions should be
examined by the Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) and the
Department of Education (DepEd)
so that those will be responsive to
the needs of the society.
Patients should be involved in the
school projects and activities, and
in enculturation and socialization
processes.
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Culture

The shared products of human

learning, the set of learned
behaviors, beliefs, attitudes,
values, and ideals that are
characteristics of a particular
society or population.
The complex whole which includes
knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws,
morals, customs and other
capabilities and habits acquired by
man as a member of society.
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Characteristics of Culture
Transferable
Continuous
Symbolic
Dynamic
Shared
Adaptive
Learned
Universal
Borrowed

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Elements of Culture
Language an abstract system or word
meanings and symbols for all aspects of
culture; the foundation of culture; verbal
and nonverbal.
Norms are established standards of
behavior maintained by a society; it must
be shared and understood.
Values are collective conceptions of
what is good, desirable and proper or
bad, undesirable and improper in a
particular culture.

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Elements of Culture
Sanctions penalties or rewards
for conduct concerning social
norms.
Positive sanctions pay,
promotion, medals, word of
gratitude.
Negative sanctions fines,
imprisonment, threats, stares,
ostracism.

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Change

An enduring force in history; is

inevitable, takes place from time
to time.
The adjustment of persons or
group to achieve relative
harmony.

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Forms of Change
Cultural change refers to all alteration
affecting new trait or trait complexes to
change the cultures content and structures.
Technological change revision that occur
in mans application of his technical
knowledge and skills as he adopts himself to
environment.
Social change refers to the variation or
modifications in the patterns of social
organization, of such groups within a society
or of the entire society.

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Social Concepts
Values generally considered as
something a principle, quality, act or
entity that is intrinsically desirable.
Justice giving others what is due to
them; rendering to every man that exact
measures of his due without regard to his
personal worth or merit.
Freedom, Rights and Responsibility
freedom is not absolute, it is not doing
something without restrictions or
reservations or interference and influence
of others.

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Social Concepts
Freedom, Rights and Responsibility
right means what is just, reasonable,
equitable, what ought to be, what is
justifiable, something that is owed or due
to others.
Rights and responsibility come in pairs. If
one wants more rights and freedom,
he/she shall also have to accept more
responsibility. A right is abused when it
interferes with the rights of others.
The reciprocation of rights and duties is
the true foundation of social order.

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Social Concepts
Freedom, Rights and Responsibility
duties refer to those that are due justice, to
another individual or collective persons and
to God.
Authority refers to the right given to give
commands, enforce laws, take action, make
decisions, and exact obedience, determine
or judge.
Accountability means to be answerable for;
emphasizes liability for something of value
either contractually or because of ones
position of authority.
Responsibility refers to trustworthy
performance of fixed duties and consequent
awareness of the penalty for failure to do
so.
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Social Concepts
Ethics/Moral Law is based on
ones station in life: to each station
corresponds a certain behavior
according to which person must
live.

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 Theories of Ethics

Consequentialism claims that the

morality of an action is determined by
its consequences.
Hedonism views that only
pleasure is good as an end; pleasure
is the highest good.
Utilitarianism believes that the
greatest happiness of the greatest
number is the test of right or wrong.
Self-realization holds that the
ultimate end is the full development
or perfection of the self.

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Theories of Ethics

Non-consequentialism claims
that the morality of an action
depends on its intrinsic nature or on
its motives.
Divine Command Theory claims
that the morality of an act depends
on whether it is in accordance with
the will of God.
Categorical Imperative Theory
holds that for ones action to be
morally right, he/she must be willing
to have everyone act in same way.

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Theories of Ethics

Egoism claims that an action

is right only if it is in the rest of
the agent.
Situational Ethics claims that
the morality of an action
depends on the situation and
not on the application of the law.
Intuitionism claims that ones
knowledge of right and wrong is
immediate and self-evident.
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Theories of Ethics

Emotive Theory claims that

moral judgments do not state
anything that is capable of being
true or false but merely express
emotions like oaths or
exclamations.
Ethical Relativism holds the
view that there is no one correct
moral code for all times and
peoples, that each group has its
own morality relative to its wants.
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Thank
You!!!

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