TECHNICAL SEMINAR

ON
NANOTECHNOLOGY
APPLICATIONS
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATON ENGINEERING
SUBMITTED BY

R.MANIKANTA 13621A0451
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
MR.V.POORNACHANDER sir
ASST PROFESSOR
AURORAS ENGINEERING COLLEGE BHONGIR
YADADRI-BHONGIR
 What is
Nanotechnology?

An engineered DNA strand

Buckyball

Nanotechnology is the art an

science of manipulating
matter at the nanoscale
3
 Nano From the Greek word for dwarf and means 10-9,
or one-billionth. It refers to one-billionth of a meter, or 1
nanometre (nm).
1 nanometre is about 3 atoms long.

Nanotechnology Building and using materials, devices

and machines at the nanometre (atomic/molecular) scale,
making use of unique properties that occur for structures at
those small dimensions.

Nano technology is the study of making small microscopic

things
It is an advance to the future
 What is Nanoscale?

Fullerenes C60

22 cm 0.7 nm
12,756 km

1.27 107 0.22 0.7 10-9 m

m m

10 millions 1 billion
times smaller times
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smaller
 NEED FOR NANOTECHNOLOGY
Allows the placement of small structures placed
with precision,simplicity and low cost

Leads to economic growth

Enhances national security

Improves the quality of life

Leads to job creation

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 Nanoscale Approaches and
Fabrication

Top-down Approaches Bottom-up Approaches

They arrange smaller

Create smaller objects using Larger
components in to more
objects
complex.

Uses principles of molecular Layer-by-layer self

recognition assembly

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NANO PARTICLES:
Striking properties of
nanoparticles:

Tremendous driving force for

diffusion
Semi conduction
Quantization of electronic energy
levels
Highly reactive
 Nano materials
Fullerenes

Buckminster
fullerene

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Carbon
Nanotubes
Carbon Nanotubes: This is
the strongest and stiffest
materials discovered till to
date.

CNTs also known

asbuckytubes areallotropes
of carbonwith a cylindrical carbon nanotube
nanostructure.

Nanotubes have been

constructed with length-to-
diameter ratio of up to
The joining of two carbon nanotube
10132,000,000:1
 Single Walled
Nanotubes (SWNT)
Single-walled nanotubes have a diameter
of close to 1 nanometer, with a tube length
that can be many millions of times longer.

The structure of a SWNT can be

conceptualized by wrapping a one-atom-
thick layer of graphite called graphene into
a seamless cylinder.

Single-walled nanotubes are an important

variety of carbon nanotube because they
exhibit electric properties.
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Multi Walled Nano Tubes
(MWNT)
Multi-walled nanotubes (MWNT)
Consists of multiple rolled layers
(concentric tubes) of graphite.

There are two models of

description of these MWNT::
In the Russian Doll model, sheets
of graphite are arranged in
concentric cylinders.
In the Parchment model, a single
sheet of graphite is rolled in
around itself, resembling a scroll
of parchment or a rolled
newspaper.
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 Torus
A Nano torus is theoretically described as carbon nanotubes
bent into a torus (doughnut shape).

Nano tori are predicted to have many unique properties, such

as magnetic moments which is the property of magnet that
interacts with an applied field to give a mechanical moment

Nanobud
Carbon nanobuds are a newly created material
combining two previously discovered allotropes of
carbon. carbon nanotubes and fullerenes.
A stablenanobudstructure

This hybrid material has useful properties of both

fullerenes and carbon nanotubes.

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 Properties of Nano Tubes
Strength :- Carbon nanotubes are the strongest and
stiffest materials yet discovered in terms of tensile
strength and elastic modulus respectively.

Hardness:- The hardness of compressed SWNTs is 462

546 GPa, surpassing the value of 420 GPa for diamond.

Electrical:- In theory, metallic nanotubes can carry an

electrical current density of 4 109 A/cm2 which is more
than 1,000 times greater than metals such as copper.

Thermal:- All nanotubes are expected to be very

good thermal conductors along the tube, the temperature
stability of carbon nanotubes is estimated to be up to
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2800 C in vacuum and about 750 C in air.
Applications of Nano Tubes
Solar cells
Solar cells use a carbon nanotube complex, formed
by a mixture of carbon nanotubes and
carbon buckyballs.
Ultracapacitors
With a nanotube electrode the hollow spaces that
store charge may be tailored to any size and the
capacity should be increased considerably.
Paper batteries
A paper battery is a battery engineered to use a
paper-thin sheet of cellulose infused with
aligned carbon nanotubes.
Other applications
Aligned nanotubes
Carbon nanotubes have been implemented in Nano are preferred for
many applications.
electromechanical systems(NRAM).
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 Nanotechnology Applications
Carbon NanoTubes
Medicine
OLED
Information Technology
NANO FILTERS
Aerogel
Nano Robots
Energy

16 Nano
Transistor Nanorob Stinger: Targeted Drug
NANOTECHNOLOGY BASED
DEVICES
Nano sensors
Nano computers
Nano rods
IPod
Nanogears
Nanogears Nano robot repairing
RBC
ADVANTAGES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY
Low pollution
Less production cost
Mass production in food & consumables
Technology
Electricity

DISADVANTAGES OF NANOTECHNOLOGY

Health
Mass production
war
Implications of
Nanotechnology
Health and safety issues
Nanoparticles can cause serious illness or
damage human body.
Untraceable destructive weapons of mass
destruction.

Social & Political issues

Creates social strife through increasing
wealth gap

Advisability of increasing scope of the

technology creates political dilemma
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 Environmental issues

Nano pollution created by toxic

wastes from nanomaterial
manufacturing.
It enhances Global warming in the
long run.

Grey-goo
It is a hypothetical situation where
self replicating nanobots go out of
control, and consume all matter on
earth.

The Living Fog formed by billions of

21 replicating nanobots gone mad
 Conclusion
Nanotechnology with all its challenges and opportunities will become a part of
our future.
The researchers are optimistic for the products based upon this technology.
Nanotechnology is slowly but steadily creating the new industrial revolution.
Thank You