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BY:
FAZILA
ORGANIC AND KANWAL
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY MEMOONA
MEMON
NIMRA
CHEMISTRY
.
OLD DEFINITIONS
VITAL FORCE THEORY: It was
assumed that the organic compounds
could be produced only by living matter
for living matter was thought to be
posses VITAL FORCE.
As long as this concept prevailed no
efforts was made to produce organic
compounds in the laboratory, and the
VITAL FORCE THEORY long went
unchallenged.
OLD DEFINITIONS
In 1828, a German chemist named
Friedrich Whler (18001882)
proved vitalism wrong.
Whler heated ammonium cyanate
(an inorganic compound) and
formed urea (an organic compound).
Whlers experiment was a crucial
step in opening all of life to scientific
investigation.
Whler showed that the compounds
that compose living organisms follow
scientific laws and can be studied
and understood.
OLD DEFINITIONS
But this synthesis did not immediately
break the old concept. However, in the
following years synthesis of many organic
compounds were achieved like (acetic acid).
Thus by 1850, the VITAL FORCE THEORY
was finally discard.
Hence, the emphasis was shifted from origin
to composition and organic compounds
came to be considered as those containing
carbon.
COMPARISON OF PROPERTIES
ORGANIC INORGANIC
COMPOUNDS COMPOUNDS
Low melting points High melting points
Low boiling points High boiling points
Low solubility in High solubility in
water; high solubility water; Low solubility
in non polar solvents in non polar solvents
Flammable Nonflammable
Non conductor of conductor of
electricity electricity
Chemical reactions Chemical reactions
MODERN DEFINITION OF
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
In organic chemistry we study organic
compounds and Organic compounds are
considered which contains carbons.
Note: Carbon Dioxide , Carbon Monoxide ,
Metal Carbonates and metal cyanides are
not classified as Organic Compounds.
So Why CARBON SUCH A SPECIAL
ELEMENT..??
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
We Know That:
All life as we
know it is
made up of
organic
compounds.
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
Virtually every part
of our bodies is
made with large
amounts of
CARBON.
ORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
Carbon is
the second
most
abundant
element in
our body.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
The sweet smell of
jasmine is produced by
benzyl acetate, an
organic compound.
When you smell the
jasmine scent, benzyl
acetate molecules
emitted from the flower
bind with molecular
receptors in your nose,
triggering a nerve signal
to your brain.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Hence, Chemists
realized that organic
Chemistry should be studied
as a separate discipline.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
INTRODUCTION: It is the branch of chemistry
that deals with the chemistry of all elements
and their compounds except carbon.
Few that do contains carbon.
Inorganic chemistry is also closely related
to other disciplines such as materials
sciences, physical chemistry,
thermodynamics, earth sciences,
mineralogy, crystallography, spectroscopy
etc.
INORGANIC Metals/Ma
CHEMISTRY erials
chemistry
Involve
INORGANIC
s all
elemen
ts
Chemical
Reaction
s
INORGANIC
CHEMISTRY
Inorganic chemistry, on