Qualitative Research: An

Introduction to Beginners
LAWRENCE ANTHONY U. DOLLENTE
What is Qualitative Research?

it is a situated activity that locates

the observer in the world.

It study things in their natural

settings attempting to make sense
of or interpret phenomena in terms
of the meanings people bring to
them.
What does it mean?
It means that quali research deals with:

detailed descriptions of situations, people,

events, interactions and observed behavior.

Direct quotations from people about their

experiences, attitudes, beliefs and
thoughts; and

Informed interpretation of the meanings of

individual cultural artifacts in context.
General Characteristics of
Quali
1. Natural Setting
2. Researcher as key instrument
3. Multiple sources of Data
4. Inductive data Analysis
5. Participants Meaning
6. Emergent design
7. Theoretical Lens
8. Interpretive inquiry
9. Holistic Account
When do we use Quali?
1. If there is a need to study a group or population
2. Hear silenced voices
3. Identify variables that can be measured
4. If there is a need of a complex detailed understanding
of issue
5. If we want to empower individuals to share their
stories and hear their voices
6. If we want to analyze literary text and its implied
meanings
7. We conduct qualitative to follow up quantitative
research
8. We conduct qualitative if it does not fit to quantitative
What are the characteristics of a
quali researcher?
1. Commit to extensive time in
the field.
2. Engage in the complex, time-
consuming process of data.
3. Write long passages
4. Participate in a form of social
and human science research.
FIVE QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
1. NARRATIVE RESEARCH
it begins with the experiences as
expressed in lived and told stories of
individuals.

a spoken or written text giving an account

of an event or series of actions,
chronologically connected.

Usually, the procedures include

1. Focusing to one or two individuals
2. Reporting individual experiences and
chronologically ordering the meaning of
Biographical Study as
Narrative
it is a form of narrative study in which the researcher
writes and records the experiences of another
persons life.

Is there any requirement in choosing a subject to

qualify?

if it answers these questions:

1. Who owns the story ( credible/influential)
2. Who can tell the story?
3. What happens when narratives complete?
4. As Community, what do the stories do among us?
2. PHENOMENOLOGICAL RESEARCH

It is understanding, describing, and analyzing

peoples life stories through collecting data from
individuals who have lived their experiences

thus what are the essential topics

1. Central to life experiences
2. Sensitive areas of inquiry
3. Ethical significance
Does size Matter in Pheno?

5-25 ( Creswell)

2-10 (Boyd)

6 (Morse)
Access to Research
Participants
Gatekeeper - person in authority or position
who has vital information; a person
from whom permission is required.

Permit to refer - gatekeepers ask potential

participants if interested
GROUNDED THEORY
aims to move beyond description and to
generate or discover a theory.

Participants in the study would all have

experienced the process, and the
development of the theory might help
explain practice or provide a framework for
further research.
ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH
it focuses on an entire cultural group.

it describes and interprets the shared

and learned patterns of values, behaviors,
beliefs, and language of a culture-sharing
groups.

it requires prolonged engagement or

immersion.
CASE STUDY
it involves the study of an issue explored
through one or more cases within a
bounded system ( Setting, Context).

This approach is familiar to social sciences

such as psychology and applied linguistics,
medicines ( case analysis of a problem),
law (law cases), and political science (case
reports).
WRITING A QUALI STUDY
CHAPTER I- INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION
RESEARCH PROBLEM
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
LIMITATION AND DELIMITATION
THEORETICAL LENS
DEFINITION OF TERMS
ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER II- RRL
The same with Quantitative Study
CHAPTER III- METHODOLOGY
RESEARCH DESIGN
ROLE OF THE RESEARCHER
RESEARCH MATERIALS
DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES
DATA SOURCES
TRUSTWORTHINESS
ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
CHAPTER IV- RESULTS
There is no need to give implications.

Parade of results

No explanation
CHAPTER V- DISCUSSION

The first part includes the thorough

discussions of the results. Here is the
answer of the problem, implications and
support from rrl.

Implications for Educational Purposes

Implication for further studies
Concluding remarks