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Unit 6 Notes
Unit 6 Key Terms The Industrial Revolution
p. 113 - 118 p. 121 - 125
1. industrialism 1. cotton gin
2. textiles 2. flying shuttle
3. urbanization 3. spinning jenny
4. division of labor (p.125) 4. water frame
5. laissez-faire capitalism* 5. spinning mule*
6. socialism 6. power loom
7. Karl Marx & Friedrich 7. cottage industry (p.114)
Engels* 8. factory system (p.115)
8. Communist Manifesto* 9. James Watt
9. proletariat* 10. steam engine
10. bourgeoisie* 11. interchangeable parts
11. labor (trade) unions 12. mass production
Unit 6 Key Terms
industrialism an economic system based on
the use of machines rather than on animal or
human power
textiles goods made of woven cloth
urbanization the movement of people to the
cities
division of labor assigning workers specific
tasks
Unit 6 Key Terms
laissez-faire capitalism an economic system
where all factors of production are privately
owned and there is no government
interference
socialism belief that the government should
provide for the welfare of the people and plan
the economy
Karl Marx & Friedrich Engels wrote The
Communist Manifesto and proposed a radical
form of socialism called communism
Unit 6 Key Terms
Communist Manifesto writing of Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels that proposed a radical
socialism, stating that society was divided into
warring classes
proletariat according to Karl Marx, these were
the poor workers or the have nots
bourgeoisie according to Karl Marx, these were
the wealthy factory owners or the haves
labor unions groups of workers that negotiated
for better wages, better working conditions and
shorter hours
Unit 6 Key Terms
cotton gin machine invented by Eli Whitney
that dramatically increased cotton production by
mechanically removing seeds from cotton
flying shuttle invention of John Kays that
doubled the amount of weaving a worker could
do in one day using hand power
spinning jenny invention by James Hargreaves
allowed one spinner to spin 8 threads at a time
using hand power
Unit 6 Key Terms
water frame invented by Richard Arkwright, it
allowed machines to be powered by water
spinning mule invented by Samuel
Crompton, this was the combination of the
water frame and the spinning jenny
power loom invented by Edmund Cartwright
in 1787, this was a water powered weaving
machine
cottage industry manufacturing that people
did at home
Unit 6 Key Terms
James Watt inventor of the steam engine
steam engine initially used to power boats and
trains, this invention allowed for factories to be built
anywhere because it did not require water power
interchangeable parts machine made parts that are
exactly alike (also invented by Eli Whitney)
mass production the manufacture of huge
quantities of identical products at cheap prices
factory system method of production that brought
machines and workers together in one place
Word Splash: Industry
What do you think of when
you hear the word industry?
You have 5 minutes to write
down as many things as you
can about the word industry.
Upcoming Events
Homework workbook p. 119 1-4
& p. 126-127 1-6 Thurs. Nov. 14
Unit 6 Key Terms Quiz Tuesday
Nov. 19
Unit 6 Test Wednesday Nov. 20
Midterm Review Test (Units 1-6)
Tuesday Nov. 26
Agricultural Revolution
3 things led to increased agricultural production:
enclosure movement
crop rotation
advanced agricultural technology
increased agricultural production led to increased
population and forced small farmers to become
tenant farmers or move to the cities
improvements in agriculture put more money in the
pockets of landowners and allowed for more
investment in other businesses
Where did the Industrial Revolution begin?