SmartGrid

Real time monitoring and management of

smart grids with validation in the EPFL
campus
S 3

Lausanne, 25 of January2017
PMU-based monitoring Active
Distribution Network

Deployment in the EPFL campus:

Monitoring of the state of the system (voltage levels) with high

refresh rate and low latency;

Development of a first application: Fault Detection and

Faulted Line Identification.

Detects the existence of a fault;

Identifies the faulted line, fault type and estimate the fault
current;

Compatible with real-time protection.
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Active Distribution Network State
Estimation
Real-Time State Estimation
Time
Reference Monitoring
for ADNs
State
Data
Estimation
Concentration
algorithm
accurate
Telecom Control
Network fast (sub-second)
Protections reliable
Active
Distribution
Network
(ADN)
in every network condition
PM
U
(normal and emergency)
True State
Measurements
Kalman Filter
0.9815
Measurements
True State

Recursive SE 0.981
Kalman Filter

Network
Kalman Filter
topology Voltage magnitude [p.u.] 0.9805

Process
ADN 0.98

model
Prediction
Time
Estimation
Measurement
state
0.9795
Update Update
Measurem
0.979
ents
0.9785
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5
Time [s]

3
 Active Distribution Network Control &
Protection
Time
Reference Monitoring

Data State
ConcentrationEstimation
algorithm Control
Telecom
Network Applications for the real-time
control and protection of
Protections
ADNs (e.g., fault location and
Active
Distribution
identification, voltage control,
Network etc.)
(ADN)

PM
U

GPS antenna

df1 FPGA
f1, ,S ,
Advanced synchrophasor Data concentration, time dt 1 1 GPS-PPSset GPS-PPS
estimation algorithms for alignment and bad data Real- me
GPScard
Microcontroller
the deployment of PMUs in detection algorithms. tag
or other KF1
ADNs. (data encryp on
PMU settings
GPStime Timing
and streaming) Systems

Resilient PMU PPSfront

KF2
synchronization methods s it
A/D
for ADNs. converter

KF3
Node voltage - branch current
signals

4
 System performance
Latency PMU Telco PDC+RTSE

Signal Synchropha Data Network Data- State

acquisiti sor encapsulati delay frame estimation
on estimation on alignmen
t
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6
(30ms) (8ms) (1-15ms) ( 1- (20ms) (1ms)
3ms) Time
Total latency:
61 ms (mean)
1.8 ms (std)

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 Live State Estimation Output -
screenshot
Frequency

ROCOF

Slack bus
voltage magn.
(estimated &
measured)
Phase A Phase B Phase C

6
 Live State Estimation Output -
screenshot
Frequency

ROCOF

Slack bus
voltage phase.
(estimated &
measured)
Phase A Phase B Phase C

7
 Live State Estimation Output -
screenshot
Frequency

ROCOF

Slack bus
active power
(estimated &
measured)
Phase A Phase B Phase C

8
 System architecture , IP
communication
ADN Communication Network: Reliability with
iPRP

Dedicated communication
network, resilient to power outages.

Reliability through an innovative

packet duplication method: iPRP:
(internet Parallel Redundancy
Duplicated network
Protocol).
Duplicates network
Simple, works for IP
Brings reliability of wireless links to the level of
wired.

9
 Security for ADNs

Multicast authentication: strong per PMU authentication

is possible at speed of line with ECDSA with pre-computed
tokens
essential to prevent false data injection

Security of the time synchronization protocol remains

an issue, even with cryptography and authentication,
because of delay attacks. We demonstrated that a delay
attack is possible and, so far, undetectable by
cryptography

Bad data detection

essential in State
Estimator

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Smart Buildings & SmartGrid
interface
Occupants comfort Build
Grid - Buildings

Objects management

1
Smart Buildings & SmartGrid
interface
Building Occupants comfort Build
Grid - Buildings Management
System (BMS) Switching on
Locking the door
Increasing
temperature
Human interface,
Learning
mechanism
Demand side
management
Objects management
P

forecasting
t

P P

IoT electronics for

t t power measurement
& control

1
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Project achievements and impact

Novel Active Distribution Network (ADN)secure real-

time online monitoring for the modern smartgrid
concept with Implementation in the EPFL Campus.

Real time state estimation (RTSE) characterized with

time latencies compliant with control and protection
application requirements.

Project impact :

New CTI grant (SCCER-FURIES project),

New Canton de Vaud grant (Leclanch project)

New funding for the duplication of the Nano-Tera EPFL
campus implementation in the Qatar-UAE university
campus.

Innovation grant award for the smart-buildings system
with creation of a start-up.
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