Types of fuel injection system

a)According to location of the injector

1. throttle body injection
2. port injection
3. direct injection (GDI)

b) According to number of injectors

1. single point injection
2. multi point injection (MPFI)
 According to location of the
injector
1. Throttle body injection
Injector assembly is attached to the throttle body.

2. Port injection
Injector installed just behind the intake port or valve and sprays
fuel into each intake port in multi cylinder engine.

3. Direct injection
In this, injector is placed near the spark plug in the combustion
chamber.
Sprays fuel directly into the combustion chamber.
 According to number of cylinders
1. Single Point Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) Systems

EFI systems are classified by using the point of injection.

ECU
Single Point (Throttle Body) Fuel Injection
A fuel injector is located in
a throttle body assembly Air in
that sits on top of the inlet
manifold. Fuel in

TB injector
Fuel is sprayed into the
inlet manifold from above
the throttle valve, mixing
with incoming air.

Fuel quantity, how much

fuel is injected is
controlled by an ECU. Inlet manifold
3 of 14
Electronic Fuel Injector Operation
An injector sprays fuel into the inlet manifold by use of a solenoid coil.
When the coil is switch on by the ECU, it pulls the armature/needle valve
away from the nozzle, allowing pressurized fuel into the engine.
When the coil is not switched on, the spring pushes the armature/needle
against the nozzle, no fuel is injected into the inlet manifold
Injectors are more precise and
Electrical connector
efficient than carburettors.
Solenoid coil
Needle valve

Fuel in

Nozzle/jet Armature Spring Fuel filter

 2. Multi Point S.I. Fuel Injection
Air drawn in by the engine
Fuel Injectors

Inlet Manifold Throttle Valve

Fuel
Supply

Injectors

Engine
 Typical S.I. Fuel System Layout
(Simplified)
Fuel Not Engine Combustion
used is
returned to Chamber
Fuel Tank the fuel tank

Fuel Pressure
Regulator Inlet Manifold
Fuel Pump
EFI Only

Carburettor
Fuel Fuel Injector or
Or Single
Filters Carburettor
Point Throttle
Venturi
Body Housing
MPFI System
TBI