Seals

BE III Year Mechanical

By Group 7
Submitted To-
Narendra Mohan (14M6032)
Neelesh Kaithwas (14M6034) Dr Suwarna Torgal
Piyush Kumar (14M6036)
Sachin Uikey (14M6047)
Nayan Tiwari (14M6033)
Abhishek Tiwari (14M6003)

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 1

Objective of Seals
Its purpose is to seal the cylinders to ensure
maximum compression and avoid leakage of
coolant or engine oil into the cylinders; as such, it
is the most critical sealing application in any
engine, and, as part of the combustion chamber, it
shares the same strength requirements as other
combustion chamber components

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 2

Seals & Its Types
Face Seals

Dynamic Shaft Seal

Split Ring Seals

Diaphragm Seals

Labyrinth or Positive Clearance Seals

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 3

Face Seals
The function of a mechanical face seal is to
effect a pressure tight seal between a
rotating shaft and a member through which
the shaft passes.
Sealing is achieved by continuous contact

between to smooth ultra flat radial faces,

one attached to housing and other to the
shaft.
Among the various elements of design , the

purpose of spring is to allow one face to

move axially to take up wear or play.
Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 4
Face Seals Schematic Diagrams

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 5

Face Seals Continued
Elements of complete seals are
1. Seal Head Unit-It incorporates the housing
end face member and spring assembly
2. Seal Seat It is a mating member

Applications
Functions Statically and dynamically with bi
directional shaft rotation,large pressure reversals
and wide diversity of mediums,temp.,pressure and
speeds

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 6

Dynamic Shaft Seal
These seals are used in more dynamic
application then all other type and these can
accommodate rather high speed and continue
shaft rotation.
This is due to there positive ability, versatility

in meeting requirement of
pressure,temperature and shaft speed.
These are low in cost,tolerance of variety of

lubricants and lubricating conditions are

relatively high insensitivity to dimensional
variation.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 7

Dynamic Shaft Seals Cont.
The most common types include Radiant
Lip Seal ,in this the lip attached to the
housing is held against the shaft.
Sealing is due to Interference fit between

the flexible sealing element and the shaft,

Advantages

1. Small space is necessary

2. Relative low cost for high effectiveness
3. Ease of installation
4. Ability to handle many variables while sealing.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 8

Radial Lip Seal Dig.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 9

Dyanamic shaft seal Cont.
Effectiveness in life of radial seal depends
on service conditions such as;

o Shaft speed alignment

o Fluid Pressure on Seal
o Temp. at the seal.
o Condition of the shaft
o Nature of Sealed Medium

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 10

3) Split Ring Seals
Expansion split rings are another common
type of seals these are split to make them
resilient & are usually of rectangular cross
section.
These rings are used in compressors

pumps, steam engines,internal combustion

engine etc.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 11

Split ring Seals Cont.
These are slipped
over the piston
whose surface
has grooves of
same profile as
the ring section in
order to ensure
the reliability of
seal more than
one ring are Dig. Split ring Seals

employed.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 12

4) Diaphragm Seals
It is a dividing membrane which snaps the
gap between a stationary and moving
member to prevent transfer of fluid
between the two separated areas or
chambers

Diaphragm can be classified as

1. Flat Diaphragms
2. Rolling Diaphragms

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 13

Diaphragm Seal Cont.
A Rolling diaphragm has
full 180 convolution
While flat is <150 .
During operation as it

moves through the total

stroke it rolls back and
forth from the piston to
the cylinder wall.
It is used as long travel

bellow or radially sealed

hydraulic piston with
zero leakage.

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 14

Labyrinth Seals
Also known as Clearance Seals because
these limit the leakage by closely
controlling the annular clearance between
the dynamic type of seals.
These are employed when a small loss in

efficiency due to leakage can be tolerated

and where temp and pressure conditions
and shaft speeds prevent the use of positive
contact seals

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 15

Labyrinth Seals Cont.

It has the advantages of being reliable

simple, flexible in material selection
Mostly in use with heavy Industrial Power

and aircraft application where relatively high

leakage rates can be tolerated

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 16

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 17
 References

Machine Design by P.C. Sharma & D.K. Agarwal.

Textbook of Machine Design by R.S. Khurmi & J.K. Gupta

Digital Sources-
chewautomotive.weebly.com/uploads

http://www.powershow.com/view4/44051c-MWNlY

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seal_(mechanical)

Group 7,Session 2016-17 3/25/17 18