Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Training
March 21,
TCS2017
Internal
Agenda
10g RAC
RAC Architecture Oracle Clusterware (CRS)
Clusters in general
CRS Components
Clusterterware and InterConnect
OCR, VIP
Storage SAN, NAS, NFS
SAN/NAS
NIC
Switch
Interconnect
Clusterware
Clustered
Database Servers
Hub or
Switch Storage Area Network
Fabric
Drive and Exploit
Mirrored Disk Industry Advances in
Subsystem Clustering
Cache Fusion
ha r ed C a che
S
3. Cache Transfer
GES&GCS Block A (Read) GES&GCS
4. Update Block A
...
Shared Memory/Global Area Shared Memory/Global Area
5. Update Block A
Block
UpdatedAA
shared log shared log
SQL buffer SQL buffer
6. Cache Transfer
Block A (Update)
2. Read Block A
1. Read Block A
Role of LMON:
Check for instance transition
Reconfiguration
Cleaning up of Cached Enqueue Resources
Role of LMD:
Receive and Process GES messages
Deadlock Detection and Request Timeout
inst1 inst2
Instance 2 holds block in
XL0 X Local mode with 0 past
images (XL0) it has been
New updated (New)
Instance 2 resource is
now Null, Global with 1
past image (NG1)
Old
Instance 1 now puts the
block in X mode for the
update
In the event of node failure voting disk is used to determine which instance takes
control of cluster
Avoids split brain
When InterConnect breaks Keeps the largest cluster possible up, other
nodes will be evicted, in 2 node cluster lowest number node remains
Voting disk is used to detect network problems that could lead to split-
brain
Final arbiter of status of configured nodes, either up or down, and delivers
eviction notices
Standard NFS support now available for 3rd voting disk on Linux, AIX, HP and
Solaris
A repository containing the definition of the configuration of the cluster and status
of resources managed by the cluster
RAW or Cluster File system (Veritas Storage Foundation, Sun Cluster, OCFS in linux)
Required file for Oracle Clusterware
Initialized during clusterware installation
Location defined in ocr.loc (In windows the location is in the registry)
Mirrored by Oracle Clusterware or externally (RAID)
Automatically backed up by Oracle Clusterware (Manual backup available in 11g)
Tools to manage
OCRDUMP Dumps the contents of the OCR into a standard ASCII text file.
RAC_FAILOVER =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(FAILOVER = ON)
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node1)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node2)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = RAC)
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(FAILOVER_MODE =(TYPE=SELECT)(METHOD=BASIC)(RETRIES=30)(DELAY=5))
)
)
shared log
SQL buffer
Listener
Client
shared log
Listener
SQL buffer
Query coordinator
Query Slaves have node affinity for
query coordinator but will expand if Parallel query
needed execution
RAC =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node1)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node2)(PORT = 1521))
(LOAD_BALANCE = ON)
(FAILOVER = ON)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = RAC)
(FAILOVER_MODE = (TYPE = SELECT)(METHOD = BASIC))
)
)
In Oracle 10.1
Set PREFER_LEAST_LOADED_NODE in listener.ora
OFF for long connections
ON for short connections (default)
In Oracle 10.2
Can specify load balancing goal for each service
NONE, SERVICE_TIME or THROUGHPUT
Can also specify connection load balancing goal
SHORT or LONG
Eliminate contention
Use sequence caching
Reverse key indexes
Log file locations for various CRS processes (Check metalink for latest version
changes)
$CRS_HOME/log/<nodename>/<process>
process = css/crs/evm/racg
(or) use $CRS_HOME/bin/diagcollect.pl to collect all logs
SPFILE = <pathname>
[*.]<parameter_name> = <value>
[<sid>]<parameter_name> = <value>
Checks:
node reachability
user equivalence
administrative privileges
node connectivity
shared stored accessibility