Energy Harvesting Small Cell Networks: Feasib

ility, Deployment and Operation

Authors: Yuyi Mao, Yaming Luo, Jun Zhang, Khaled B. Letaief

Published in: IEEE Hongkong University of Science and Technology

Speaker: Ya Fei Si
Advisor: Kai-Ten Feng
EECS Department
National Chiao Tung University (NCTU)
balqisyafis@gmail.com

October 8th, 2015

1
Outline
h Abstract
h Introduction

h System Model
h Outage Probability Analysis
h Power Grid Energy Minimization
Problem Formulation
Optimal DP Solution
Heuristic Algorithms

2
Abstract

h SCN Challenges

3
Introduction
h Small cell:
Cost efffective deployed small cell base stations (SCBSs)
Bring the spatial reuse of radio resources to a new level
Can be easily installed without costly cell site acquisition.

h What should be considered in Energy Harvesting?

4
Introduction
What this paper is actually done?

5
Related work
h

6
Network Deployment of EH-SCNs
h Basic Tradeoffs:
1. Tradeoff between outage probability and EH-SCBS Density
2. Tradeoff between grid power consumption and EH-SCBS De
nsity
3. Tradeoff between outage probability and grid power consump
tion

7
Basic Tradeoffs
h
1. Tradeoff between outage probability and EH-SCBS De
nsity
Provide network coverage only with off-grid EH-SCBSs
Each user is associated with its nearest SCBS
Ignore co-channel interference to guarantee network covera
ge
In each slot, part of the harvested energy will be used to serve
its users, remainingstored (
2 cases: =0 or =
Ignore circuit power consumption

8
Proposed Method (2/2)
h
h Heuristic Algorithm
1. Maximum resource block utilization
All the blocks are activated for transmission,(=N)

2. Traffic-aware resource block utilization

The number of activated resource block is set proportional to the traffic intensity
nt min{N , n1t N }, n1 0
3. Joint traffic-energy-aware resource block utilization
The number of active resource block is set proportional to the available power

EB ,t EG ,t Lt PH ,t
nt min N , 2 t T N



k t
Lk ( P0 pP T )

9
Performance Evaluation
h Parameters setting

Energy Sources Solar, Battery, power grids

Bandwidth 10 MHz ; subcarrier 600 N
Noise power spectral density (No) -174 dBm/Hz
Battery Capacity (Emax) 100 Whr
Macro Cells operational power () 712.2 W
Number od sub-carriers (N) 600
Cell range 1000m
Path loss model 34.5+35 log 10 (l) dB
Duration of time slot (Ti) 1 hr

10
Performance Evaluation (1/3)

11
Performance Evaluation (2/3)

Tradeoff curve between outage probability and grid energy consumption

with different policies.

12
Conclusions

h The proposed DP algorithm finds the optimal tradeoff b

etween the average grid power and the outage probabili
ty.
h 2 % average outage probability, the DP reduces by:
50% the grid energy consumption for the maximum resource al
location policy
30% for the traffic-aware policy with
h Among heuristic algorithm, the joint traffic-energy-awar
e resource allocation policy performs closest to the opti
mal one.

13
References
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