COMPLEX SENTENCES

I. Adjective Clause (modify a

noun)
The student who is sitting in the corner is
cute
subject pred.

The student whose student card is lost is

not-
subject
pred.
- allowed to take
exams
 The girl (whom) I loved has gone away.
subj. object predicate
whom is object for it should be I
loved the girl
The book (which) I bought last night is
lost.
object
This is the office where I work.
NOUN CLAUSES: replace the
function of noun
Noun clause as an object
main clause sub
clause
I know SOMETHING
subj pred. where he lives
subj

what you need

why you left me
what you did last night subj
Noun clause as a subject
SOMETHING hurt
me
What you said encouraged me
That he passed the exam is
mysterious
Where he lives is unknown
Noun clause as a predicate
This is SOMETHING
This is what I want
This is what he want
subject p r e d I c a t e
ADVERBIAL CLAUSES (when,
if, because, after, before)
My life has changed because you love me
adverbial clause

Because you love me, my life has changed

Because of you, my life has changed
When I turned right, I saw a beautiful
building
adverbial clause

(When) turning right, I saw a beautiful

building
 If metal is heated, it expands
(if) (being) heated, a metal expands
being heated present participial
phr.
heated past participial phr.
Because I was tired, I went home early
(Being) tired, I went home early (without
because)
 Present Participial Phrases
- People who worked in the factory were fun
--> People working in the factory were fun
Past Participial Phrases
- I like novels which are written by JK Rowling
adverbial phrases

--> I like novels written by JK

Rowling
past participial phrases
 WRONG
- Running through the snow, her nose was-
bleeding
--> when she was running through the snow,
her nose was bleeding
- if the light is switch off, the room goes dark
--> being switch off, the room goes dark
 REMINDER
- She has finished her home work
past participle

- It is written by Kotler
past participle

- The book which is written by Boediono is

popular
adjective clause

--> the book written by Boediono is popular

past participial phrase
 REMINDER (2)

V1 V+ing preterite Past-

(V2) Participle
(V3)

- do doing did done

- Work working worked
worked
- He always appreciates everything
(that) I do
adj clause
modify obj

- He always appreciates what I do

SOMETHING
noun clause replacing the
function of a noun