Distributed Generations

Penetration Levels and its 16th International

Effects on a Distribution Symposium on
Advance

System Intelligent
Systems (ISIS
2015)
: A Simulation-based Study
Mokpo, South
Korea

In Ho Ra
Dept. of Information and Telecommunications Engineering
Kunsan National University

November 4 7, 2015
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent TABLE OF CONTENTS
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent INTRODUCTION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
increasing level of Renewable Energy (RE) Sources on
the consumers delivery point creates the possibility
that the conventional directions of power flow
generated from power plants will be reversed
highly penetrated PV resources connected to the low voltage
distribution feeder may generate more power than the total
load demand
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
different penetration levels and various placements of
distributed renewable resources have different
impacts on the distribution system
voltage control and stability problems
increased fault duty on circuit breakers and protection
coordination problems
islanding conditions
power-quality (PQ) issues
personnel safety
over-voltages, and
intermittent or stochastic nature of some renewable
distributed sources
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
data taken from the Feeder 11 of Panay Electric
Company (PECO)
a private utility company, which has a franchise of operations
for distribution system in Iloilo City, Philippines
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent SIMULATION ENVIRONMENT
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
one line diagram of
the Feeder
(a) without the
integration of
renewable energy
sources
(b) With the
integration of
renewable energy
sources

(a) (b)
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
Initial simulations of the real test system show
unacceptable bus voltage to neutral on some of its
buses.
Interesting results from the verification reveal that
there exist very low voltages on the secondary
winding of transformer on some of the buses (as low
as 0.85 per unit of the 230 volts).
The errors were found in load modelling, specifically,
exact phase connections of single-phase loads.
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea 1.1

penetration levels 1.05

1
used in the 0.95
simulations are 0.9

proportional to the
(a) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Light
number of DG and Penetration Level)
capacity of DGs 1.1
1.05
light penetrated 1
system - lesser 0.95
number of small 0.9
capacities
(b) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Medium
highly penetrated
Penetration Level)
system - numerous 1.1
1
number of small 0.9

and large capacity 0.8

DGs
(c) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (High
Penetration Level)
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea 1.1

(a) shows that the bus 1.05

voltage magnitudes and 1

0.95
imbalances are within
0.9
the allowable range of
variations lightly
(a) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Light
penetrated DGs Penetration Level)
1.1
(b) results show some bus 1.05
voltage rise on some 1
nodes due to the power 0.95
contributed by DGs 0.9
negative impact of DGs
penetration on some (b) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Medium
levels caused some bus Penetration
1.1
Level)
voltages to drop close to 1
the minimum value 0.9
0.8

(c) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (High

Penetration Level)
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea 1.1

c) Worst-case 1.05
1
scenario is evident 0.95
from the three 0.9

scenarios for the

(a) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Light
highly penetrated Penetration Level)
1.1
DGs
1.05
Several nodes have 1
voltage magnitude 0.95

close to the 0.9

minimum value and

bus voltage (b) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (Medium
Penetration Level)
violations can be 1.1
1
noticed 0.9
0.8

(c) Bus Voltage Profile with WT (High

Penetration Level)
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
1.1
Korea
light, medium and high 1.05

penetrated DGs combined 1

PV system and wind turbine 0.95

generators 0.9

As the penetration level of

(a) Bus Voltage Profile with WT and PV System (Light
DGs increases, the higher Penetration Level)
1.1
the possibility of bus voltage
1.05
violations to occur in the
1
distribution system 0.95

Although wind turbine and 0.9

PV system offer real power 0.85

local injections and bus

voltage magnitude (b) Bus Voltage Profile with WT and PV System
improvement, uncoordinated (Medium
1.1
Penetration Level)
and unregulated highly 1
penetrated DGs integration 0.9
in the distribution systems
0.8
create line flow congestions
(c) Bus Voltage Profile with WT and PV System (High
Penetration Level)
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent CONCLUSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
This study assesses the effects of integrating Distributed
Generations (DGs) like photovoltaic system (PV) and
wind turbines (WT), which are examples of promising
alternatives to fulfill the ever-growing energy demands.
Feeder 11 of Panay Electric Company (PECO) was used as test
system for this study with two scenarios
results show that higher possibility of bus voltage
violations occurs when penetration levels increase
In addition, uncoordinated and unregulated highly
penetrated DGs integration in the distribution systems
creates line flow congestions
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent CONCLUSION
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea
practical applications of this study are currently
implemented as part of the Panay Electric Company
upgrades
In the future, an intensive level of research must be
conducted to understand the impacts of distributed
resources in Distribution System
detailed and accurate planning, analysis methods and
appropriate assessment software must be included in
distribution system studies to mitigate the harmful effects of
DG
16th International
Symposium on
Advance
Intelligent
Systems

Mokpo, South
Korea

THANK YOU!!!

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