Professional Documents
Culture Documents
-Mangala.CA
8th sem, civil
1sj01cv011
INTRODUCTION OF CEMENT:
CONSTITUENTS:
-Silicates
-Aluminates
MANUFACTURE OF PORTLAND CEMENT:
OXIDE % content
CaO 60-70
SIO2 17-25
Al2O3 3.0-8.0
Fe2O3 0.5-6.0
MgO 0.1-4.0
Alkalies 0.4-1.3
(K2O,Na2O)
SO3 1-3
INDIAN STANDARD SPECIFICATION 269-1976
SPECIFIES THE FOLLOWING CHEMICAL
REQUIREMENT:
Ratio of % of lime to % of silica, alumina and iron oxide;
When calculated by formula-
(CaO-0.7SO3)/(2.8SiO2+1.2Al2O3+0.65Fe2O3)= not greater than
1.02 and not less than 0.66
Ratio of % of alumina to that of iron oxide=not less then 0.66
Weight of insoluble residue= not more then 2%
Weight of magnesia=not more then 6%
Total sulphur content, calculated as sulphuric anhydride
(SO3)=not more then 2.75%
Total loss on ignition=not more then 5%
The oxide present in the raw materials when subjected
to high clinkering temperature combine with each other
to form complex compounds (BOGUES compound).
The four compounds regarded as BOGUES compounds
are listed in table:
Name of compound formula Abbreviated formula
Tetracalcium 4 C4AF
aluminoferrite CaO.Al2O3.Fe2
O3
C-CaO
S-SiO2
A-Al2O3
F-Fe2O3
H-H2O
The equation for calculating the % of major compounds
(as given by Bogues) are:
C3S=4.07 (CaO)-7.60 (SiO2)-6.72 (Al2O3)-1.43 (FE2O3)-2.85
(SO3)
C2S=2.87 (SiO2)-0.754 (3CaO.SiO2)
C3A=2.65 (Al2O3)-1.69 (Fe2O3)
C4AF=3.04 (Fe2O3)
The oxide composition and the corresponding calculated
compound composition is shown in table below:
Oxide % Calculated %
composition compound
composition
using Bogues
equation
CaO 63 C3S 54.1
MgO 1.5
SO3 2
HYDRATION OF CEMENT: