Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ENERGY
0pening activity
Unit Goals
UNIT
2. In what ways are people using energy here ?
Block3. 1
Do you
SON A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
with
a word or phrase
Vocabulary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
battery
conserve
efficient
electricity
fossil fuel
natural gas
reduce
waste
in
word to
its
definition .
Fossil fuel
waste
reduce
Read the conversation and circle the correct words . Then practice with
Luis : The newspaper says the cost of energy is rising. I guess were all going to have to pay more .
Nayeli : I guess so , but we should also (1) ( conserve / battery ) energy . That way we can (2)
( reduce / conserve ) the amount of money we spend on it .
Luis :
Well, I dont drive a car , so I dont buy gasoline . That comes from oil, and I know its
good to conserve (3) ( batteries / fossil fuels ) .
Nayeli : Thats great ! But do you use a lot of (4) ( electricity / waste ) at home ?
Luis :
Probably. I dont use a lot of lights, but the T. V. And computer are always on
Nayeli : And how about your refrigerator ? Is it new and (5) ( efficient / conserve ) ?
Luis :
No its really old . It probably (6) wastes / reduces ) a lot of energy .
Nayeli : May be you should get a newer one .
Grammar in Context
______________________________________________________________________________
She is watching television right now .
The spelling of
some words
changes when
we add ing. For
example :
move -- moving
run -- running
lie -- lying
LESSON B
A
ALTERNATIVE
ENERGY
Wind power
Nuclear powe
geothermal power
Vocabulary in action Fill in each blank with the correct type of alterna
Solar power
1. ________________
2. ________________
3. ________________
4. ________________
Hydroelectric
5. ________________
power
6. ________________
7. ________________
8. ________________
1. ____
We live near a large river .
Tidal
power
2. ____ Farmers grow a lot of sugar here .
3. ____ We live in the desert and its always sunny .
4. ____ The technology here is now very safe and efficient .
5. ____ We live near a volcano . Theres a lot of heat from the earth here .
6. ____ We live near the ocean .
7. ____ We live on high land and its always windy .
8. ____ uses the movement of the wind to produce electricity .
T4
There are several
important alternative
the United States, for example, use much
turn turbines . Finally. Geotherma
energy sources. Solar power uses energy of their corn to produce ethanola kind energy
of
is a possible source of
from the sun to heat water or to make alcohol used for fuel. And with oil getting
power in some places. With
electricity. Wind power of course, uses the
more expensive every year, hydrogen Geothermal
may
, heat from inside th
wind to turn large turbines, and that turning
become a replacement for gasoline in car
earth can heat homes and can
creates electricity. Hydroelectric power isor buses. Tidal power may also be an also be used to make electricity
also important, but huge amonts of money
important alternative energy source in the
are needed to build large damsespecially
future . It uses the movement of the ocean
dams across wide rivers. Biofu ls are alsoto produce electricity , while nuclear power
becoming more important, too. Brazil anduses nuclear reactions to heat water and
mples
Explanations
__________________________________________________________________________
LESSON ENERGY
C
CONSERVATION
bulary in context Read the information and look at the phrasal verbs in b
Easy Ways
to Conserve Energy
ocabulary in Action Write a phrasal verb from a next to the correct definiti
_________________ to reduce the amount of something
_________________ to connect an electrical device with a source of electricity
_________________ to stop an electrical device using the on / off control
_________________ to use all of something
_________________ to reduce the temperature setting on a stove, etc.
_________________ to start an electrical device using the on / off control .
a.
Did you ______________ the thermostat on the heater ? Its very cold in here.
You need to _________________ the stereo if you want to use it . I always
unplug it if Im not using it .
Maybe you should ____________________ the number of video games you buy .
theyre expensive and you already have a lot of them .
The water in the bathroom is cold.
Could you please ________________ the
water heater ?
You can _____________________ the T. V. Nobody is really watching it .
amples
Explanations
______________________________________________________________________
egular
verbs
Irregular verbs
___________________________________________
____________________________
walked
learned
opened
produce produced
waste
wasted
conserve conserved
leave left
eat
ate
go
went
find found
give gave
have had
read
say
make
LESSONWD
HAT D I D PEOPLE USE TO DO ?
Used
the chart .
to
Examples
used
dy is
d to
drive
Explanations
___________________________________________________________________________
for questi
______________________________________
T 5
Father: I understand . . . Your friends have
cell phones, so you want a cell phone, too .
But We just dont have the money right now.
You know . . . Nobody had a cell phone
when I was your age .
Daughter: I know, but how did you call your
parents ? If you were out with your friends,
for example, how did call home ?
Father: Well, there use to be a lot of public
phoneson the street, in stores and
restaurants they didnt cost very much,
ICELAND
A
Look at the picture and discuss the
questions with a partner .
1. What do you know about Iceland ?
For example
where is it ?
how many people live there ?
2. Why do you think the water in the picture is warm
?
T 6
picture ?
B
conversation .
Listening in Context
Listen to
the
in the
T 6
1. Mexico gets about ____ of its electricity from geothermal power plants .
a. 20 %
b.
40 %
c.
60 %
2. Iceland developed heating systems in the _____
a. 1960s
b.
1970s
c.
1980s
3. Nowadays, _____ of the houses in Iceland use geothermal heating .
a.
50 %
b.
70 %
c.
90 %
T 7
e -- used
duce produced
3. develop developed
4. heat heated
5. waste wast
6. intent -- inten
ESSON READING
F
Powering
thefuture
the pictures
and
answer
the
qu
and Main Ideas Read the title and look at the pictures and circle the correc
rs . Then read the article to check your answers.
in Depth Read the article. Then write the answers to the questions
According to the article, what will be the answer to our future energy problems ? ___________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
What is one advantage of solar power ?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
What are some disadvantages of wind power ?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Are all of the important kinds of alternative energy included in this article ? Explain your answ
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
EDUCATION
AND LEARNING
UNIT
Opening Activity
Unit Goals
understand modals of
LESSON GAETTING
AN
EDUCATION
ocabulary in Context Read the captions and study the words in bold .
amples
Explanations
ESSON G
B OING TO SCHOOL
Vocabulary in Action Read the information and study the words in bol
Where
Go to
will she
school ?
_ Technical college
_ private
_ college
_ university
a.
b.
c.
d.
Schools
for adults
Adjectives to Describe
Schools
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
__________________ __________________
Grammar in Context
___________________
___________________
___________________
mples
Explanations
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
HOW
LESSON
C DO YOU FEEL ABOUT LEARNING ?
ocabulary in Context
municate Write answers to the questions. Then share your answers with a
Second
conditional
ples
Explanations
__________________________________________________________________
LESSON
Modals of possibility
Examples
Explanations
_________________________________________________________
A Love of
d indigenous culture
B Reading Read the article and look at the words in bold .
Getting information from a news article Read the article again . Then discuss
hese sentences with a partner and write true ( T ) , False ( F ), or Not Sure ( NS ) .
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
_____
LESSON
ng in Context
E LEARNING
Listen to
STYLES
the recording
ng for Main Ideas Listen again . Number the learning styles in the order
ar about them , and cross out the item that is Not a learning style .
sual learning
ysical learning
T 8
ental learning
ditory learning
T 9
1.
2.
3.
zero
see
measure
phisical
conversation
visual
styles
books
beige
/ z /
/ s /
/ zh /
T 10
1.
2.
3.
sits
leisure
tries
class
treasure
ears
trips
pleasure
eyes
__________
__________
__________
complete the paragraphs with sentences from the box . Write the letter o
on the line .
(4)
I dont like to sit at the from o
class because I dont need to see the teacher .
better for me just to listen . On the other hand ,
like books that have a lot of beautiful pictures
a small part of me could be a visual learner !
LESSON R
Feading
SURVIVAL
SCHOOL
Connect with the text Look at the title and pictures. Answer the questio
1. What do you see in the pictures ? ________________________________________________
2. What do you think people at this school learn about ? ____________________________
NATURAL
RESOURCES
Opening
UNIT
Look at the
1.
2. What do
BLOCK
1
3.
Activities
Unit
Goals
LESSON A
HABITATS
Warm tropical
rainforest with plenty
of rainfall provide a
HABITAT for many
plants and
animals
T 11
B Listen to the audio. Number the habitats in a in the order that you hear t
C Vocabulary in action Match each word to its definition .
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
6. ______
species
stone
habitat
sand
soil
depend on
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
Grammar in Context
xamples
Explanations
ESSON B CONSERVATION
ocabulary in context
MexicosBiosphere
SianReserve
Kaan
B Vocabulary in Action
T Conservation
11
threatened
3.
ecotourism
2.
development
4.
conservation
5.
6.
protect
damaged
Examples
Explanations
THECIMPACT OF DEVELOPMENT
ESSON
ulary in Context Read the questions and answers and look at the word
Baja california FAQs
The
passive in
the
past
Examples
Explanation
____________________________________________________________________
LESSONCONSERVING
D
OUR NATURAL RESOURCES
A Language Builder
____________________________________________________________________
They dont grow a lot of rice here , do they ?
We should turn off the lights , shouldnt we ?
Use pronouns in tag questions .
____________________________________________________________________
mples
Explanations
______________________________________________________________________
are tomato plants , arent they ?
they are . / No , they arent .
Listening
C Read the statements . Then listen to the conversation again and check
or false .
True
F
1. The man wants the woman to see a picture .
2. The woman saw a T.V. show about the place .
3. The place has a lot of forest and lakes .
4. Many pandas live in the reserve .
5. The pandas habitat is being destroyed .
6. The speakers talk about the pandas future .
LESSON
E
CONSERVATION
SUCCESS STORIES
I can guess . . .
1.
a ( better / worse )
2. Millons of people catch fish for a
living .
3. People are often unhappy when the
( happy /
gevernment tells them what to do .
government created the
economy .
3.
unciation Listen to these word pairs and notice how the final consonant s
first word is connected, or linked, to the vowel sound at the beginning o
d word .
1. tired of
2. news about
3. areas of
5. po
4. human activity
6. coas
and repeat these phrases . Speak smoothly and do not pause between
nked words .
LESSON FREADING
Coral
Reef
Coral A
reef Connect
are
with the
home to a the
varietyquestions .
of fish species .
text
1 Coral reefs are like wonderful cities under the sea. There you will find
rich variety of life, including many species of fish. The structure of coral r
might look like rocks and colorful plants. But reef are really made of enor
numbers of coral polyps very tiny animals .
2 Coral polyps can truly be called the animals that helped make the w
For millons of year, they have built reefs. These reef are larger than any
made structure on Earth. Over time , a hard, stone-like material is crea
Polyps and eventually becomes limestone has been used to build the Gr
Pyramids of Egypt, as well as churches, castles, train stations, and banks
3 In recent years, there have been threats to coral reef and the specie
live there. For example , illegal fishing has a terrible effects on reef . Ree
also damaged when coral is taken for building material, jewelry, or aqua
decorations. Water pollution also damages reef, and the warming of ocea
water has caused parts of many reef, to turn white-a process called cor
bleaching.
4 These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is still lope for their
future. If people take action to conserve reefs now, the coral polyps may
able to rebuild damaged reef. Thats good news because many ocean
animals and plants depend on these cities under the sea.
Because coral
1.are How many paragraphs are in the reading ?
so beautiful, they are
a. two
b. Three
c . Four
often used for jewelry
or decorations
2.. What is the purpose of the paragraph 2 ?
48
d.
a . To explain why fish and other sea life need coral reefs
b . To describe the large structures made from coral polyps
Five
Read in Depth Read the article . Then write the answers to the question
1. What is the most important idea in the article ?
_________________________________________________________________
2. What are coral reef made of ?
_________________________________________________________________
3. How have coral polips helped make the world in the ocean ?
_________________________________________________________________
4. How have coral polyps helped make the world on land ?
_________________________________________________________________
5. What is the cause of coral bleaching ?
_________________________________________________________________
6. What does the author want people to do now ?
_________________________________________________________________
49
EXPLORATION
Opening Activities
Unit
UNIT
BLOCK
2
2 . Where
52
goal
53
bulary in Context
55
LESSON
A
B UP
AND
AWAY
__ astronaut
__ gravity
____ weightlessness
____ float
bulary in Action Listen to the audio .Number each set of words in a in the order that . y
18
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
The
present perfect
ples
Explanations
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
57
LESSON
CGOING
PLACES
cabulary in Context Read the information and study the words in bold .
58
LESSON
ADVENTURE
TRAVEL
for
and
since
Examples
Explanation
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
19
________________________________________________________________
B Listening Listen to the conversation and answer the questions.
Write answers to questions . Then listen again and check your answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
60
LESSON
EXPLORING FAR
AND
NEAR
n again and write the letter of the photo that matches each sent
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
ation Listen to each sentence and look at the underlined letters . Notice th
1. have you seen
this picture ?
_
21
2. I never go very
_ far_ .
3. Ive heard _of that notice .
62
63
LESSON F READING
Private
Space
Flight
A Connect
1.
2.
64
ng Visuals Look again at the picture on the next page and read the
on . Answers the questions .
d in Depth Read the article again . Then circle the correct answer to the
What was Burt Rutan able to build ?
65
HE
PAST
UNIT
Look at
BLOCK 2
Opening Activity
70
Unit Goals
SON
ARCHEOLOGY
Words :
The Great Wall of China began as several smaller walls that were
joind together over time . The wall is evidence of a history of conflict
The ruins at Tikal and the other archeological sites tell us much
The temples at Angkor are quite beautiful , but the engineers of the
Khmer Empire also built huge structures called reservoirs . These held
water for people to use diring the dry season .
ruins
evidence
monument
structures
tools
construct
sites
wall
People of the early Inca civilization used only simple tools to cut and fit
together large pieces of stone , but their walls and buildings were very well made.
72
a.
Grammar in Context
Examples
explanations
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________
73
ON B
Vocabulary in Context
T 23
Negative
Feelings
Positive
bulary in Action Listen to the conversations and complete each sentence with a wo
d the sentences. Then listen again and circle the correct word or
ou say that something is amazing , you probably think its ( wonderful / terrible )
ou say that something is surprising , it means you ( knew / didnt know ) about
before .
omething is boring , it ( holds / doesnt hold ) your attention .
LESSON
A Vocabulary in
context Read the
text and study the
words in bold .
T 24
By, it
the 16th century, however, Angkors
ven in ruins , Angkor is a fascinating city . For hundreds of years
Economy had changed from farming
as the capital of the Khmer Empirenow part of Cambodia . There
To trading by the sea . Then , in the
e 50 temples , including Angkors largest and most famous templeEarly 1700s, Vietnam took control of
ngkor wat .
owadays , youll mostly see tourists at Angkor , but in the 13th The Mekong river , and Khmer
entury , around 750,000 people lived there. They needed food Boats
and could no longer reach the
South
ater , but Southeast Asia only gets a large amount of rain during
a china sea . The khmer people
use the river to buy and sell
w months of the year. In order to have water for its populationCouldnt
and
Food and other goods , so they moved
r farming , Angkors engineers built enormous structures to store
Away from Angkor .
ater and to move it from place to place .
bulary in Action Listen to the audio . Circle the words in the box that y
76
1. ____
2. ____
3. ____
4. ____
5. ____
6. ____
7. ____
8. ____
amont
century
economy
empire
farming
goods
population
trading
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
Third conditional
Examples
Explanations
_________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
77
LESSON
Language
Builder
LOSING
THE
PAST ?
Transitions
Examples
Explanations
Use transitions to show relationships
between ideas .
Use in addition . . . to add another idea .
Use furthermore, . . . to add an
explanation .
____________________________________________________________
stening
True ( T )
or
False ( F )
T 25
True
6,000 languages are spoken in the world today .
78
LESSON BERINGING
THE
PAST
TO
LIFE
echnicians works on
a Tyrannosaurus Rex
model used in a movie
T 26
Listening in Context
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
True
False
ten to each group of words and write which syllable gets the mo
effects
T 28
become
conserve
_________
2.
answer
robot
millions
__________
3.
interesting
4. prepare
dangerous
adventure
sister
construct
___________
____________
At field Station
Dinosaurs in New
Jersey, USA, visitors
learn about dinosaurs
biology and behavior .
LESSON
F READING
Sea
monsters
fossils, n remains of
AT 15 meters long.
Tylosaurs was an
Enormous mosasaur .
ESSON
Sea
monsters
Could an animal like
Plesiosaurs have
survived into modern
times in Loch ness
At 15 meters long
Tylosaurus was an
enormous mosasaurs .
A Connect with the text Look at the pictures and answer the ques
Do you think the picture show real animals or imaginary animals ?
why do you think so ? ____________________________________________
Understand
Main Ideas Read the title and first paregraph. Then ans
Some peopleB say
this
the Loch
questions .
is a photo of the
1.
What
is the topic of the article ? __________________________________
Ness monster .
2. what possibility does the article discuss ? ___________________________
C
Read in Depth Read the article. Then write the answers to the qu
1. what did scientists find in the area around Loch Ness ?
_____________________________________________________________
2. Who were the first people to find fossils of mosasaurs in North Americ
______________________________________________________________
3. The author implies that stories about sea monsters _____
a. Are true
b. May be true
c. Are not true. 83
SCIENCE
Opening Activity
UNIT
BLOCKLook
2 at the picture and answer the questions .
1. What do you see in the picture ?
2. Where is this happening ?
3. What are some things scientists
are working on now ?
Unit Goals
LESSON TA
HE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS
A
B
Make an observation
C
T 29
Form a hypothes
Observation
1. I think I can explain this observation .
Conclusion I ve formed a ____________________
Research2. In the social sciences, interviews are one way
Do research
Laboratory to do ______________ and collect information.
Work in a laboratory
Results 3. Youve been studying this for a long time.
Publish
Have you reached a _________________ yet ?
hypothesis
4. Dr Aguirre made an interesting _____________
Nobody had ever noticed it before .
5. We have very good equipment in our
_______________________, so
6. Now that the research is completed, Dr Leske
is ready to ________________ the results.
Reach a conclusion
88
Grammar in Context
mples
Explanations
_______________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
Whom in object
relative clauses .
______________________________________________________
In
LESSON BNATURA
ocabulary in Context
OR
NURTURE
abulary in Action
hereditary
DNA
determine
lifestyle
twins
nherit
genes
bo
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Your hair and eye color are both the result of ___________________
Our children might _______________ my good health or my husbands diabetes .
I think I have the ________________ for a long life . My grandparents lived to be quite old .
___________________ is an acid with a complex structure .
He has a very healthy ___________________. He eats and sleeps well and gets a lot of exercise
Juan and Marco look almost exactly the same . Theyre identical _______________________
A babys genes will _________________ how tall or short he or she is as an adult .
Grammar in Context
ative Clauses :
amples
Explanations
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
LESSON E
CNGINEERING
ocabulary in Context
LIFE
amples
Explanations
____________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
LESSON D SCIENCE
A
Language Builder
Talking
HEALTH
AND
about
the
future
Examples
Explanations
__________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________
Profesor Bartell arrives on Thursday
morning .
T 31
B Listening Listen to the news report and circle the correct answer to th
1.
2.
Listen again and circle the word or fhrase that you hear.
1.
2.
3.
4.
The diseases will probably become even ( more / less ) common in the future .
The GMO mosquito ( may / may not ) be coming to your country soon .
On the island of the Key West , the company is ( going to / not going to ) rele
mosquitoes .
If some of the people who live on Wey West, have their way, this will ( neve
94
happend / happend soon )
LESSONWorking
E
in the Sciences
onunciation Listen to each word and underline the syllable that gets
T 33
Science
Problem
advantage
wanted
the
travel
university
sten again and look at the underlined letters. In many unstressed syllable
English , the vowel is pronounced as a schwa / sound .
Science
roblem
riting
a.
b.
d.
advantage
wanted
travel
university
Complete the news article with the letter of the sentences in the b
Its one of the most famous institutions in the world for marine biology
They do this by swimming together in large groups and causing ocean
water to move .
Sometimes she doesnt get much sleep because the animals that she studi
are active at night .
One part of the field work is going into the ocean and collecting data .
The
life
of
Bioengineer
LESSON
READING
Domesticated
Animals