Professional Documents
Culture Documents
inal
Physiology I
Functions
Motility
2.
Secretion
3.
Digestion
4.
Absorption
Structure of GI Tract
Structure of GI Tract
1.
Layers of GI Wall
Mucosa
2.
Submucosa
3.
4.
Muscularis
Serosa
Innervation of GI Tract
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
Called Enteric Nervous System
Contained within wall of GI tract
Communicates with Extrinsic component
Intrinsic Innervation
Esophagus
Esophagus
Stomach
Stomach
Stomach
Stomach
Small Intestine
3 Parts
1.
2.
3.
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Small Intestine
Small Intestine
Small Intestine
Microvilli
Tiny projections on luminal membrane of
each intestinal cell
Give the apical region striated
appearance called brush border
Villi
Microvilli
Large Intestine
Large Intestine
Liver
Hepatocytes
Livers cells
Capable of regeneration
Liver
Liver
Functions
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Gallbladder
Gallbladder
Pancreas
1.
2.
EndocrineIslets of Langerhans
Pancreas
GI Peptides
GI Peptides
Hormones
Paracrines
Neurocrines
GI Hormones
Gastrin
GI Hormones
Cholecystokinin
5 Actions:
1. Contraction of gallbladder
2.
3.
4.
5.
GI Hormones
Secretin
GI Paracrines
Somatostatin
Secreted by endocrine cells in response to
decreased luminal pH
Inhibits secretion of other GI hormones
Inhibits gastric H+ secretion
Histamine
Secreted in H+-secreting region of
stomach
Stimulates H+ secretion by gastric
parietal cells (along with gastrin and ACh)
GI Neurocrines
Motility
Motility
Segmentation Contraction
Circular muscle contracts sending chyme in
both orad and caudad directions
Intestine then relaxes allowing chyme to
merge back together
Peristaltic Contractions
Longitudinal muscle contracts orad to bolus
propeling chyme along small intestine
Simultaneously, portion of intestine caudad
to bolus relaxes
Secretion
Salivary Secretion
Salivary Glands
Gastric Secretion
Gastric Secretion
Gastric Gland
HCl Secretion
3.
Regulation of HCl
Secretion
ACh
Histamine
Gastrin
Pancreatic Secretion
Acinar Cells
Ductal Cells
Bile Secretion