Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
Ta
m
ilN
ad
Madhya
Pradesh
Bihar
We
s
Ben t
ga l
Ut
Pr tar
ad
es
h
11th in Area
9th in Vegetable
Production
15th in Tomato
Production
23rd in Tomato
4th in Area
2nd in
Tomato
Production
13th in Area
3rd in
Tomato
Production
14th in Area
1st in
Tomato
Production
2nd in Area
4th in
Tomato
Production
(2,438,000 ha;
50589000 ton and
20.75 Productivity which is
lower than most crops
cultivated)
Objective of study
To identify various issues faced by farmers
involved in tomato supply chain.
To classify and analyze the identified issues
Develop a mitigation strategy for selective issues.
Methodology
Literature study
Interaction with
Farmers
Data Collection
Observation
Land Use for Tomato
Cultivation
Total
land
(Ti)
(Acres)
0.500
1.000
1.500
1.750
2.000
2.400
2.500
2.700
3.000
3.500
4.000
4.500
5.000
5.500
7.000
8.000
10.000
Number
of
farmers
(Ni)
2
6
1
1
11
1
2
1
3
1
7
1
2
1
1
3
3
Average of
Land for
Tomato (Ai)
% of land
for tomato
(Pi)
0.250
0.417
0.500
1.750
0.500
0.500
0.500
0.750
0.500
1.500
0.500
0.500
0.750
0.500
0.500
0.400
1.833
50.000
41.667
33.333
100.000
25.000
20.833
10.000
27.778
16.667
42.857
12.500
11.111
15.000
9.091
7.143
5.000
18.333
Issues Considered
for the study:
1.Labor Demand
2.Price Fluctuation
3.Low Returns
4.Insect / Pest
5.Weather
6.Water Scarcity
7.High Labor Cost
8.Machineries
1
27
2
26
3
25
4
24
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
23
6
22
7 8
21 20
1
Iteration 1:
Step 1: Assign binary weight for each
row
(Wi)
and
column
(Wj)and
determine decimal weight.
Wi = m p=1 bip 2m-p
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
---------- (3)
where,
m - is the total number of columns
i - number of row
bip - 0 or 1 depending upon the
matrix.
Step 2: Rearrange the rows according
to
descending order of decimal
weights of Wi.
Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 for each
10
column.
Step 4: Repeat above steps until there
E3
1
E2
9
K1
0
E3
0
V2
5
T1
1
V2
6
V2
7
E2
8
E3
2
V2
3
T1
5
T1
2
V2
0
V2
Rank of Issues
RowSu
m
480
464
448
384
256
32
128
64
256
232
100
Issues
Initial
Seque
nce
Final
Priorit
y
Labor
Demand
Price
Fluctuation
Lower
returns
Pest
Machineries
Water
Scarcity
33
High Labor
cost
40
Weather
8 11
Expensive machineries
Higher labor cost
Inflation
Soil Fertility
Pest Issues
Poor Seed Quality
Water Scarcity
Natural Calamities
Weather Conditions
Excessive Fertility
Transportation Issues
Demand Fluctuation
Price Variation
Inadequate training
Labor Shortage
Increased
Increas
loss in
ed Loss
Tomato
for
SCM
Farmer
s in TSC
Lack of Knowledge
Cold storage
Miscellaneou
s
Man Power
12
Affinity Diagram
INCREASED LOSS FOR FARMERS
IN TOMATO SUPPLY CHAIN
AVOIDABLE
CAUSES
Lack of Knowledge
Lack of Training
Over use of Fertilizers
Soil fertility
Plant life cycle
Poor quality seeds
Pest problems
UNAVOIDABLE
CAUSES
Weather
Natural calamities
Inflation
Lack of demand
Price fluctuation
Lack of nutrients in water
MANAGABLE
CAUSES
Water scarcity
Machineries
High interest for loans
Lack of cold storage
High labor cost
Transportation problems
Lack of man power
13
14
FACOO MODEL
Farmer Data Base
Farmer
Weeding
Germination
Land Preparation Harvesting
Post harvest
Planting
techniques
FACOO
1. Supply Chain
Module
2. Training
Module
3. Quality Module
4. Transportation
And Logistics Module
Vendors
Provision of Seeds
Fertilizers and Pesticides
Produce Quality
Produce Pricing
Post Harvest Quality
Vendor and Farmers analysis
Continuous Monitoring
Location for Facility
Produce Collection Points
Time of collection
All transportation and vehicle
related decisions
15
FACOO Model
1. Supply chain module
Farmers register with the organization by providing
their personally identifiable, farm, harvest, amenities
related information
Vendors register with the organization by providing
their personally identifiable, facility, accessibility,
location and available amenities related information.
Selection of pricing model
Fixed price model
Fp=((Inf x Br)+ Br)
---------- (4)
Where;
Fp Fixed Price
Inf Inflation
Br Base Rate
16
FACOO Model
Continued
2. Training and Awareness module :
Selection of seeds variety based on soil
characteristics
Land preparation
Agriculture and post harvesting technology
Natural pest control and optimal use of fertilizers
3. Quality Module involves the provision of
Seeds
Soil Check
Organic manure / fertilizer
Check produce condition and quality
4. Transportation module involves:
Selection of Appropriate transportation methods
Collection points at selective location
17
Discussion
On studying the survey data, it was observed that
18
Discussion
19
Utilization of Uzhavar
Sandhai
20
Conclusion
Low tomato productivity in TamilNadu was observed
Literature shows lack of storage facilities ,
transportation, labor shortage, high labor cost, nature
related issues, lack of knowledge and education as
major issues.
Farmers responses indicates that lack of proper
training and exposure to new techniques of cultivation
and post harvesting techniques as areas of
improvement.
Years of Experience and level of education of farmers
21
Conclusion
The conceptual model of FArmers and COnsumers
Only aims at helping farmers manage issues in TSC
Implementation of this model would create a close
network of agriculture experts, farmers and Goverment.
Hence emphasis on coordination and cooperation is
important
Note:
This FACOO model is proposed as a mitigation
strategy and needs futuristic work for implementation
and validation.
22
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