ALKALI AND ALKALI EARTH

METALS
Ikhsan Fachriansyah Putra
Inayah Tria Putri
Iskandar Khalid
Olgi Okta Surya
Wahyoe Pramukti

ATOMIC PROPERTIES
METAL
S

METAL
RADIU
S

IONIC
RADIU
S

IONIZA ELECTR OXYDA

TION
ONEGA
TION
ENERG TIVITY NUMBE
Y
R

ALKALI

Increase Increase Decreas Decreas

e
e

+1

ALKALIN Increase Increase Decreas Decreas

E
e
e
EARTH

+2

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
METALS

KERAPAT
AN

KEKERA
SAN

MOLTE
N
POINT

BOILING
POINT

ALKALI

Increase

Decrease

Decrea
se

Decrease

ALKALI
EARTH

Increase

Decrease

Decrea
se

Decrease

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
ELEMEN
TS

ELECTRON

ELEMENTS

ELECTRON
CONFIGURAT
ION

CONFIGURAT
ION
Lithium

[He] 2s1

Beryllium

[He] 2s2

Sodium

[Ne] 3s1

Magnesium

[Ne] 3s2

Potassium

[Ar] 4s1

Calcium

[Ar] 4s2

Rubidium

[Kr] 5s1

Strontium

[Kr] 5s2

Cesium

[Xe] 6s1

Barium

[Xe] 6s2

Francium

[Rn] 7s1

Radium

[Rn] 7s2

Alkali metals more reactive than alkaline earth

metals

FLAME COLOR
ALKALINE EARTH

ALKALI
RED

WHITE

YELLOW

WHITE

PURPLE

ORANGE

RED
BLUE

RED
GREEN

REACTIONS
1. REACTION WITH OXYGEN

2. REACTION WITH
HALOGEN
(forming halida compound)

3. REACTION WITH
SULFUR
(forming sulfida compound)

4. REACTION WITH WATER

(Forming hidroxyde compound and hyd
rogen gas)

5. REACTION WITH ACID

(Forming salt and hydrogen gas)

6. REACTION WITH HYDROGEN GAS

(Forming hydride metal)

7. REACTION WITH NITROGEN

(Forming nitride compound)

EXTRACTION OF ALKALI
METALS
ALKALI
METALS

EXTRACTION

Lithium (Li)

Electrolysis Method
Source of Li metal is spodumene [LiAl(SiO) 3] is
heated in 100, then mixed with hot H2SO4 and
dissolved with water to produce Li2SO4 reacted with
Na2CO3 to form Li2CO3.
Li2SO4 + Na2CO3
Li2CO3 + Na2SO4
Then reacted with HCL to form LiCl
Li2CO3 + 2HCL
2LiCL + H2O + CO2
Li is produced from electrolysis of molten LiCl:
Cathode: Li+ + eLi
Anode : Cl Cl2 + e-

ALKALI
METALS

EXTRACTION

Natrium (Na)

Electrolysis Method
Source of Na metal is rock salt and sea water. Na can
only produced from electrolysis of molten NaCl using
Down Cell.
Cathode: Na+ eNa
Anode : Cl Cl2 + e-

Kalium (K)

Reduction Method
Source of K metal is sylvit (KCL). K metal is produced
with reduction method where molten KCL is reacted
with Na.
Na + KCL
K + NaCl

Rubidium (Rb) Reduction Method

Rb metal is produced with
compound RbCl
Na + RbCl
Rb + NaCl
Sesium (Cs)

Reduction Method
Cs metal is produced

with

reducing

molten

reducing

molten

EXTRACTION OF ALKALINE EARTH

METALS
ALKALINE
EARTH METALS

EXTRACTION

Berilium (Be)

Reduction Method
Source of Be is Beril [Be3Al2(SiO6)3] heated in 700
with Na2SiF6 to produced BeF2 and reducted to
produced Be metal.
BeF2 + Mg
MgF2 + Be
Electrolysis Method
Be extracted from molten BeCl2 that has been
added with NaCl. The addition of NaCl because of
BeCl2 cant conduct electrictiy well.
Cathode: Be2+ + 2eBe
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-

ALKALINE
EARTH METALS

EXTRACTION

Magnesium (Mg)

Electrolysis Method
Source of Mg metal is sea water. Mg is produced
with reaction of sea water and CaO.
CaO + H2O
Ca2+ + 2OHMg2+ + 2OHMg)OH)2
Mg(OH)2 reacted with HCl to form MgCl2
Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl
MgCl2 + 2H2O
Mg is produced from electrolysis of molten MgCl2:
Cathode: Mg2+ + 2eMg
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-

Reduction Method
Another source of Mg is dolmit [MgCa(CO3)2] is
heated to form MgO.CaO then heated with FeSi to
produced Mg.
2[MgO.CaO] + FeSi
2Mg +Ca2SiO4 + Fe

ALKALINE
EARTH METALS

EXTRACTION

Calsium (Ca)

Electrolysis Method
the main source is limestone (CaCO3) reacted
with HCl to form CaCl2
CaCO3 + 2HCl
CaCl2 + H2O + CO2
Ca can produced from electolysis of molten CaCl2
Cathode: Ca2+ + 2eCa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2eReduction Method
Reduction of CaO by Al :
6CaO + 2Al
3Ca + Ca3Al2O6
Reduction of CaCl2 by Na:
CaCl2 + 2Na
Ca + 2NaCl

ALKALINE
EARTH METALS

EXTRACTION

Stronsium (Sr)

Electrolysis Method
The main source of Sr is selestit and processed to
form SrCl2. Sr produced with electrolysis of SrCl2
Cathode: Sr2+ + 2eSr
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-

Barium (Ba)

Electrolysis Method
The main source of Ba is barit (BaSO4) processed
to form BaCl2. Ba is produced from electrolysis of
molten BaCl2
Cathode: Ba2+ + 2eBa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2eReduction Method
6BaO + 2Al
3Ba + Ba3Al2O6

Radium (Rd)

Electrolysis Method
Ra is produced from electrolysis of molten RaCl2
Cathode: Ra2+ + 2eRa
Anode : 2ClCl2 + 2e-

APPLICATION OF ALKALI
METALS
Used in mixed
batteryofofMg
calculator,
and Al for
watch,
airplane
etc.component
Lithium
Used in mixed of Mg and Al for airplane component
Lithium
Used in battery of calculator, watch, etc.

Rubidium
Used to change light energy to electricity
Rubidium
Used to change light energy to electricity

APPICATION OF ALKALINE EARTH

METALS
Used for glass from x ray
Beryllium
Beryllium
Used for metal mixed in jetplane
Used for glass
metalfrom
mixed
x ray
in jetplane

Stronsium

IMPACTS OF USING ALKALI AND

ALKALI EARTH METALS
Extraction of Na in electrolysis using
mercury cell (Hg) could damage the
environment.
The making of Na2CO3 with Solvay
process release a massive heat. If it
throw in a river or a lake could decrease
O2 in water.
Beryllium is dangerous for breathing. It
can cause pneumonia and beriolisis.