Sonic Eye For Blind

Overview
Introduction
Components Required
Hardware Specifications
Software Specifications
Hardware Description
Ultrasonic Sensor
Arduino Microcontroller
Design
Flowchart
Working of Sonic Eye
Advantages
Conclusion

on
Vision is a beautiful gift to human beings by God. Vision allows people to perceive
and understand the surrounding world.
Blindness is a state of lacking the visual perception due to physiological or
neurological factors.
In this project, a simple virtual eye will be designed and implemented to improve
the mobility of both blind and visually impaired people in a specific area.

mponents Required
Hardware Specifications:
- Arduino Uno R3 ATmega328P
- Ultrasonic sensor
- Buzzer
- LEDs
- Bread board
- Jumper wires

Software Specifications:
- Arduino Compiler

Hardware
Description
Ultrasonic Sensor
Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 is used to measure
distance.
Range: 3cm-400cm with an accuracy of 3mm.
It consists of Ultrasonic TX-RX and the control
circuit.
Eight 40KHz are sent for 10us using trigger and
then detects whether pulse is received or not.
The time of high duration is the time gap
between sending and receiving the signal.

Arduino Microcontroller
Arduino is a single-board microcontroller, intended to make the
application of interactive objects or environments more
accessible.
General Specification:
Microcontroller ATmega328P
Operating Voltage : 5V Digital
I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
PWM Digital I/O Pins 6 Analog Input Pins
Flash Memory 32 KB
16 MHz ceramic resonator
USB connection

Digital I/O pins 2-13

Ground Pin
AREF Pin

Serial Out (TX)

Serial In (RX)

Reset Button
Onboard LED
Power LED
Indicator

USB Plug

ATmega16U2
Microcontroller

ICSP for
ATmega328

Voltage
Regulator
External
Powersupply
Plug

ATmega328
Microcontroller
Analog I/P Pins 0-5
Voltage In Pin
Ground Pins

IOREF Pin
RESET Pin
3.3V Pin
5V Pin

Des
ign

Sense the object through

Ultrasonic Sensor

Start

No
Is object detected?

Flowc
hart
Stop

Yes

Compute distance

Buzzer

Working of
Sonic Eye

1. Ultrasonic sensor generate HF sound wave and echo is received back.

2. Sensor calculates the time interval by which the distance is calculated as:

Distance = (time velocity of sound(340M/S) / 2

3. The distance is received by the arduino.
4. It provides the necessary interface between the sensor signals and audio
system.
5. Arduino processes the data, commands and controls the output device
(headphones).

Reflected Wave
(echo)

Original Wave

O
B
S
T
A
C
L
E

dvantages
1. Low design time.
2. Low production cost.
3. This system is applicable for both the indoor and outdoor
environment.
4. It is a dynamic system.
5. Less space.
6. Low power consumption.

Conclusion
A simple, cheap, configurable, easy to handle electronic
guidance system is proposed to provide constructive
assistant and support for blind and visually impaired
persons.
This system does not require a huge device to be hold for
a long distance, and it also does not require any special
training.
This system also resolves limitations that are related to
the most of the movement problems that may influence the
blind people in their environment.