Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mr.SHAMSUNDAR SUBBARAO
B.E.( Mechanical),
M.S.C( Engg) -Renewable Energy, Uni. of Oldenburg, Germany.
(PhD )
Solar Thermal
Technologies
Solar Energy
1) Solar Energy is very large.
2) The Extraterrestrial radiation per m2 is
around 1300 W/m2.
3) It is the most promising energy source.
4) Environmentally clean source of energy .
5) Free and available in adequate quantities.
Solar Energy
Problems:
1) Dilute source of energy.
2) Total radiation over a day is at best 7KWh/m2.
3) Large collection area is required Excessive cost.
4) Availability varies widely with time.
5) Energy must be stored for duration sun not
available- Increases cost of the system.
Main components:
*Water flows from Cold water tank collector Hot water storage.
* Flow rate is adjusted to meet the Temp. Requirement.
S.Shamsundar, Director, NIE-CREST ,NIE,
Mysore.
Space Heating:
During day both vents A & B are kept open.
Air between inner glazing and wall gets heated flows to the
living space through the top vent Simultaneously the cool air
from the room is pulled out of the living space through the
bottom vent Natural circulation path is set up.
Some energy transfer also takes place by radiation from the inner
surface of the storage wall.
During night both the vents are closed and energy transfer takes
place only by radiation.
Summer Ventilation:
Trombe wall can also be used for summer ventilation.
On a hot summer day, vents B,C & D would be kept open
while vent A would be kept closed.
The hot air generated will flow out through vent C
drawing air from the living space to replace it. this in
turn would cause air to be pulled in from the outside
through the vent D.
The vent D should be located such that the air comes
from a cool area.
Solar Distillation:
At Many places natural supply of fresh water is inadequate
Barkish or saline water not fit for drinking.
Solar distillation can provide drinking quality water.
Principle: Solar Still The plant consists of shallow air tight
basin lined with a black, impervious material which contains the
saline water. A sloping transparent cover is provided at the top .
Solar radiation is transmitted through the cover & is absorbed in
the black lining this heats up the water and causes it to
evaporate.
Vapour rises and condenses as pure water on the underside of the
cover and flows into the condensate collection channels on the
sides.
Output around 3 liters/m2.
Efficiency 30 to 35%.
Bhavnagar, India 5000 lts/day plant.- first plant in 1978.
S.Shamsundar, Director, NIE-CREST ,NIE,
Mysore.
Solar Drying
Solar Energy drying of agriculture products.
Drying process removes moisture and helps in preservation of products.
Traditional drying open ground. The process is slow insects and dust
gets mixed with products. These disadvantages can be solved by solar
drier.
Better quality product is also obtained.
CYLINDRICAL PARABOLIC
CONCENTRATING COLLECTOR
Paraboloid collector.
For Temperatures higher than 400C paraboloid
reflectors can be used.
These reflectors have Point Focus.
Two axis Tracking system the sun is in line with focus
and the vertex of the paraboloid.
Paraboloid collector.
These cookers
cannot be used for cooking items like chapathi, poori etc.
Mysore.
12/6/16
solar steam cooking system for preparing meals for around 10, 000 people
S.Shamsundar, NIE, Mysore.
Solar pond
SOLAR POND:
A solar pond is a pool of water which collects and stores solar energy.
It contains layers of salt solutions with increasing concentration (and
therefore density) to a certain depth, below which the solution has a uniform
high salt concentration.
When solar radiation (sunlight) is absorbed, the density gradient prevents
heat in the lower layers from moving upwards by convection and leaving the
pond. This means that the temperature at the bottom of the pond will rise to
over 90 C while the temperature at the top of the pond is usually around 30
C.
The heat trapped in the salty bottom layer can be used for many different
purposes, such as the heating of buildings or industrial hot water or to drive
a turbine for generating electricity.
S.Shamsundar, Director, NIE-CREST ,NIE,
Mysore.
* Salt gradient solar pont at Buj, Gujrath. Capacity 80,000 Liters per
day at about 70C.
* Dimension : 100 M long, 60M wide, 3.5 M deep.
* Hot water is delivered to the Kutch Dairy plant to be used as preheated boiler feed water as well as for cleaning and washing.
S.Shamsundar, Director, NIE-CREST ,NIE,
Mysore.
Construction:
A tall central chimney is surrounded at its base by a circular green house
consisting of transparent cover supported a few meters above the ground by
a metal frame.
Working principle:
Sunlight passes through the transparent cover air trapped in the green
house heats up.- convection system is set up turns a turbine located near
the base of the chimney The hot air is continuously replenished by fresh
air drawn in at the periphery of the green house.
50Kw Pilot plant in Spain 200 mts High Chimney , diameter 10.3 m.
solar collector area extends to an radius of 126 m from the chimney with
the glazing being 2mt above the ground. Turbine has four 5m long blades
and rotates at 1500 rpm.
Overall efficiency is around 1%.
S.Shamsundar, Director, NIE-CREST ,NIE,
Mysore.
* The first Solar Chimney Power Plant was built and commissioned in 1983,
in Manzanares, Spain. The project was funded by a research grant awarded
by the German Federal Ministry for Research and Technology .
Vapour Absorption
Refrigeration System
BIOMASS/solar POWERED
HYBRID VAPOUR
ABSORPTION
REFRIGERATION SYSTEM
Team Members
Akshay Y R
4NI08ME007
Nithin Madhav
4NI08ME071
Pranav Y V
4NI08ME079
Generator
Frame
Absorber
Tank
Refrigerated
Space
THANK YOU
( Completion of Unit 2 .)