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SYSTEM
NON-CONVENTIONAL
ENERGY
Renewable energy is energy derived from natural
resources that replenish themselves over a period of
time without depleting the Earth's resources.
These resources also have the benefit of being
abundant, available in some capacity nearly
everywhere, and they cause little, if any, environmental
damage
Examples:1. Biomass.
2. Wind Energy.
3. Geothermal Energy.
4. Hydel Energy.
5. Solar Energy
Advantages of renewable
sources
Cheaper and Renewable
benefit of being abundant
available in some capacity nearly everywhere
Energy Security
does not cause pollution and are eco-friendly
inexhaustible resources
Solar energy
Solar energy is radiant light and heat
from the Sun that is harnessed using a
range of ever-evolving technologies
such as solar heating, photovoltics, solar thermal energy
Photo-voltaic
method.
In this method light energy is converted
into electrical energy using Photo-Voltaic
cell.
Solar Rooftop
System
In a solar rooftop system, the solar
panels are installed in the roof of any
residential, commercial, institutional and
industrial buildings. This can be of two
types
Solar Rooftop System with storage
facility using battery,
Grid Connected Solar Rooftop System.
Advantages of Grid-Connected
Rooftop Solar System
Electricity generation at the consumption
PHOTOVOLTAIC
CELL
A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell is an electrical
device that converts the energy of light directly
into electricity by the photoelectric effect.
The photoelectric effect refers to photons of light
exciting electrons into a higher state of energy, allowing
them to act as charge carriers for an electric current
The photovoltaic cell was discovered by AlexanderEdmond Becquerel in 1839, in a junction formed
between an electrode (platinum) and an electrolyte
(silver chloride).
The first photovoltaic device was built, using a Si pn
junction, by Russell Ohl in 1939.
Modelling of equivalent
circuit of PV Cell
Imp
200.14 7.61
Ipv
Io
Isc
Ki
Kv
Vmp
8.2146 9.8252e-08
8.21
0.003 26.30
2
0.1230
100
0
298.15
I-V Characteristics
FIGURE:SIMULINK OF PV MODULE
The short circuit current ISC corresponds to the short circuit condition
when the impedance is low and is calculated when the voltage equals
0.
I (at V=0) = ISC
ISC occurs at the beginning of the forward-bias sweep and is the
maximum current value in the power quadrant. For an ideal cell, this
maximum current value is the total current produced in the solar cell by
photon excitation.
ISC = IMAX
The open circuit voltage (VOC) occurs when there is no current passing
through the cell.
V (at I=0) = VOC
VOC is also the maximum voltage difference across the cell for a
forward-bias sweep in the power quadrant.
VOC= VMAX
As the intensity of solar irradiation decreases shortcircuit current
decreases (The light generated current is proportional to the flux of
photons) and open circuit voltage decreases very slightly
P-V CHARACTERISTIC
P-V Characteristic of
solar cell
PV CELL
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DC-DC
CONVERTER
MPPT
Inverter
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PV CELL
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DC-DC
CONVERTER
Inverter
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