National Institute of Science & Technology

TECHNICAL SEMINAR REPORT

FLASH MEMORY
Presented by

Rajnikant Bal
Roll no:IT200118159
Under the Guidance
of

Mr. Pradeep Kumar Jena.

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

INTRODUCTION
Flash memory provides exciting opportunities to
increase the flexibility of an embedded product.
Flash Memory is solid state non-volatile memory.
It stores electrical charges rather than magnetic
media.
Flash memory is light, compact, energy efficient and
less expensive.
It is a ideal storage medium for digital camera, smart
card etc.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

WHAT IS FLASH MEMORY?

Flash memory is electronically erasable,
electronically programmable, (generally) readonly memory.
From an embedded
system
designers
perspective, the key difference between flash
memory and EEPROM is that flash devices are
block structured; that is, while flash memory
locations are individually programmable, they
are not individually erasable the way they are
with EEPROM.
Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

Cont..
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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

Flash memory is erased in sections whose

sizes and locations in the chip are defined by
the parts manufacturer.
As a result, once a flash memory location is
programmed, the entire section containing the
location must be erased before that location
can be programmed again.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

FLASH MEMORY ARCHITECTURE

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

HOW FLASH MEMORY WORKS

Flash memory is a type of EEPROM chip.

Flash memory cell consists of two transistors and

these transistors are separated by a thin oxide
layer.

One transistor is called floating and other one is

control gate.

A cell censor monitor the level of charge passing

through floating gate. if the flow through the gate is
greater than 50%of charge its value is 1. If charge
passing drops below 50% threshold its value is 0.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

HOW TO ERASE & WRITE TO FLASH?

Flash memory is a type of EEPROM chip. It has a
grid of columns and rows with a cell that has two
transistors at each intersection . The two transistors
are separated from each other by a thin oxide layer.
Programming algorithms specified to Flash controller
is used to control Flash memory.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

FLASH APPLICATIONS

FLASH Memory for Data Storage

The flash can also be used for configuration data and mass
storage. Since flash is non-volatile these systems can restore
configuration parameters after a power failure or reset.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

FLASH APPLICATIONS

Various Types of Flash Memories Products

1. Data flash memories are used as flexible data storage

devices in mobile telephones, PDAs, digital cameras,
MP3 players .
2. Program flash memories (or Code Flash) are used as
memories for software in personal computers, mobile
telephones and other electronic devices.
3. Embedded flash memories are used to equip chip
cards,which are increasingly utilized as cash cards and ID
cards. Flash memory is often used in MP3 players and
digital cameras, magazines.
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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

FLASH APPLICATIONS
Products needing reduced service costs
A product with in-circuit programmable flash
memory

is

easier

to

service

than

an

otherwise identical product built with UVerase

EPROM,

since

no

disassembly

is

required to update the firmware or insert test

functions.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

FLASH APPLICATIONS
Nonvolatile storage needed but battery
not desirable
In an application where long-term data storage
is required but a battery is not desirable, flash
provides an ideal alternative to battery-backed
static RAM.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

ADVANTAGES

Flash memory is noise less.

It allows faster access.

It is smaller size and lighter.

It has no moving parts.

Embedded applications can take advantage of Flash

memory by both storing application data in it and by
allowing modifications of the application code itself .

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

LIMITATIONS

Flash memory costs five to ten times more

than standard DRAM.

Another downside is the overabundance of

formats.

Huge premium to pay power saving of flash

memory.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

CONCLUSION

Flash memory thus can provide an alternative

to conventional DRAM memory. But its cost
has to be decreased drastically to ensure that
it replays the DRAM quickly.

It is a ideal storage medium for digital

camera,smart card etc.

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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National Institute of Science & Technology

FLASH MEMORY

THANKYOU
THANKYOU !!!!!!!!
!!!!!!!!

Presented By: Rajnikant Bal, IT200118159

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