THD ANALYSIS

ON MULTI LEVEL INVERTER

SUPERVISED BY:Dr. V M MISHRA

ASSOCIATE
PROFESSOR
HOD, EED

SUBMITTED BY:SUMIT CHAUHAN

ANUJ HATWAL
DIVAS
AGGARWAL
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RAJAT VERMA

CONTENTS

INVERTER
MULTI LEVEL INVERTER
WHAT ARE HARMONICS?
TYPES OF MULTI LEVEL INVERTER
THD ANALYSIS ON MULTI LEVEL
INVERTER
REFERENCES
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INVERTER
An Inverter is an electrical circuit
capable of turning DC power into
AC power, while at the same time
regulating the voltage, current and
frequency of the signal.
An Inverter can broadly be
classified into three types: Bridge Inverter
Series Inverter
Parallel Inverter

MULTI LEVEL INVERTER

Conventional three level inverters, are used to generate an AC
voltage from an DC voltage.
The three level inverter can only create three different output
voltages for the load Vdc/2, 0 and -Vdc/2.
This method is not effective as it creates harmonic distortions
in the output voltage and high dv/dt.
The concept of Multi Level Inverters (MLI) do not depend on
just three levels of voltage to create an AC signal. Instead
several voltage levels are added to each other to create
smoother stepped waveform with lower dv/dt and lower
harmonic distortions.
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 With more voltage levels in the inverter the waveform it creates

becomes smoother, but with many levels the design becomes
more complicated, with more components and a more
complicated controller for the inverter is needed.

WHAT ARE HARMONICS

Harmonics are a mathematical way of describing distortion in
a voltage or current waveform. The term harmonic refers to a
component of a waveform that occurs at an integer multiple of
the fundamental frequency.
Fourier theory tells us that any repetitive waveform can be
defined in terms of summing sinusoidal waveforms which are
integer multiples (or harmonics) of the fundamental frequency.
For the purpose of a steady state waveform with equal positive
and negative half-cycles fourier series is used.

 A common term that is used in relation to harmonics is THD

or Total Harmonic Distortion. THD can be used to describe
voltage or current distortion and is calculated as follows:

THD=Voh/Vo1

Voh Rms value of all harmonics components in Inverter

output.
Vo1 Rms of fundamental component.

CASCADED
MULTI
LEVEL INVERTER

CASCADED H- BRIDGE MULTI LEVEL

INVERTER
A single-phase structure of an m-level cascaded inverter . Each
separate dc source (SDCS) is connected to a single-phase fullbridge, or H-bridge, inverter. Each inverter level can generate
three different voltage outputs, +Vdc , 0, and Vdc by
connecting the dc source to the ac output by different
combinations of the four switches, S1 , S2 , S3 , and S4.
The number of output phase voltage levels m in a cascade
inverter is defined by m = 2s+1, where s is the number of
separate dc sources.

11- LEVEL CASCADED

INVERTER
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THD ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT

TOPOLOGIES OF MLI

3-LEVEL MULTI LEVEL INVERTER

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9- LEVEL MULTI LEVEL

INVERTER

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11 - LEVEL MULTILEVEL
INVERTER

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17 - LEVEL MULTI LEVEL INVERTER

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7 level Multi Level Inverter

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APPLICATIONS
They are used in hybrid electric
vehicle motor drive.
Reactive power compensation and
harmonic reduction .
They are also used in UPS .

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CONCLUSION
With increase levels of Multi level inverter
Harmonic distortion also decrease.
Due to increase in voltage sources cost of
multi level inverter also increases.
Rate of depreciation of THD with increase
in level also increase.
It has more advantages over conventional
Inverters.

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REFERENCE

Sanjeev Balachandran , A. Narendra babu ,Sunil Hansdah study

and analysis on multi level inverter .
Dr. Keith Corzine Operation and Design of Multilevel Inverters .
Zhong Du , Leon M. Tolbert, John N. Chiasson, and Burak Ozpineci
A Cascade Multilevel Inverter Using a Single DC Source .

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THANK YOU

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