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STEERING SYSTEM
CONTENT:INTRODUCTION TO STEERING
TYPES OF STEERING SYSTEM
FOUR WHEEL STEERING
TURNING RADIUS
INTODUCTION TO STEERING:Steeringisthecollectionofcomponents,linkages,etc.whichallowa
vehicle(car,motorcycle,bicycle)tofollowthedesiredcourse.An
exceptionisthecaseofrailtransportbywhichrailtrackscombined
togetherwithrailroadswitches(andalsoknownas'points'inBritish
English)providethesteeringfunction.
Requirement of steeringItshouldmultiplytheturningeffortappliedonthesteeringwheelby
thedriver.
Itshouldbetoacertaindegreeirreversiblesothattheshocksofthe
roadsurfaceencounteredbythewheelsarenottransmittedtothe
drivershand.
Themechanismshouldhaveselfrighteningeffectsothatwhenthe
driverreleasethesteeringwheelafternegotiatingtheturn,thewheel
shouldtrytoachievestraightaheadposition.
employedbysomevehiclestoimprovesteeringresponse,
increasevehiclestabilitywhilemaneuveringathighspeed,
ortodecreaseturningradiusatlowspeed.A4-wheelsteering
systemissuperiortoa2-wheelsteeringsystem.Itreduces
theturningradiusaswellasthespacerequiredforturning.It
alsoenablestochangeroadlanewhiledrivingevenathigh
speed.
Atlowerspeeds,turningtherearwheelsintheopposite
directiontothefrontwheelsresultsinasmallerturning
radiusandfastercorneringresponses.Athighspeeds,turning
allfourwheelsinconcertimproveshigh-speedstability.
TheFourWheelsteeringsystemoffersa21%reductioninturning
radius.SoifavehicleiscapableofmakingaU-turnina25-foot
space.Itallowsthedrivertodoitinabout20feet..Afrontwheel
activesteeringfunctionwasaddedtoRearActiveSteeradopted
ontheFuga.Bycontrollingthesteeringangleofallfourwheels,
thisactivesteeringsystemhelpsimprovestabilityandresponseat
highspeedandhelpsreducedriverssteeringworkloadatlow
speed.Toachieveprecisevehicle
Vehiclesmovesmoothlyandareeasytodrivebothinthecity
andonwindingroads.
Addedstabilitymeansvehiclescanbedrivensafelyon
expresswaysandwhenchanginglanes.
Quickandresponsivecontrolsystemwillallowgentlesteering
operation.
hydraulically controlled
Rear-steering shaft
Vehicle speed sensors
Steering-phase control unit
Centering lock spring
Solenoid valve
Athigherspeeds,therearwheelsturninthesamedirectionofthe
frontwheelstoincreasestabilitybypreventingoversteerandfish
tailing.Andreducestheturningradius.
AT LOW SPEED
Atlowerspeeds,therearwheelturnintheoppositedirection
fromthefrontwheels.Thiswillhelpineasymaneuverability
ofthevehicleduringparkingandtakingatightcurve.The
turningradiusofavehiclecanbereducedbyaminimumof
20%byhavingthismechanism,whichisasignificantbenefit
forbiggercarsandtrucks.
ADVANTAGES OF 4WS
Speed can be varied
Slow
Medium
Improved maneuverability
Fast
Betterhandling
intightcorners
Betterparking
Stabilityis
increased
4WS
2WS
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