GLOBAL TRENDS

TOPIC
Describe and explain global trends in shipping; give a
presentation on a current issue affecting seafarers locally;
describe measures for ensuring vessel security
Grammar: Present Continuous
Vocabulary: verbs and adverbs for describing change;
transforming verb + adverb into adjective + noun; phrases for
giving presentations; vocabulary relating to ship and port
security
Listening and speaking: forecasting the future of shipping
industry
Reading and writing: understanding and explaining global
trends in shipping and vessel security measures; presenting a
current issue affecting local seafarers

PRESENT PROGRESSIVE/
CONTINUOUS TENSE

Put the following in the present continuous form. Add an

appropriate subject.
Example:
heave in the back spring
I am heaving in the back spring
1.
Stand by the engine.

EXERCISE

2.
Jump into water and enter the lifeboat

3. Stand clear of the vessel.

4.
Inform the coast radio station

5. Report the total number people rescued

Look at these topics. Which of them are changing in

your country these days? Work with a study partner.
Discuss how you think these things are changing.
Education

The cost of
living

Level of
unemployment

Property cost

The job market

Wages

VOCABULARY
Look at some verbs for describing change. Use a dictionary to check
the meanings of any of the words you do not know.
Increase

Drop

Shoot up

Change

Decrease

Rocket

Rise

Spiral upwards

Fall

Plummet

Be stable

Reduce

Be sky high

Be steady

Go through the roof

Waver

Fluctuate

Fall

Go through the
floor

decline

Dive
escalate

B AND ADVERB (HOW TO READ STATISTIC CHAR

Look at the graphs and read the example below

Prices are rising sharply/steeply/dram

The rate of child poverty in Colorado is
rising gradually/slowly/steadily
Unemployment is fluctuating dramatically

Reading
Read this statement about seafaring. Do you agree or disagree
with it? Circle the reasons that you agree with. Add some reasons
of your own to the list.
SEAFARING IS EASIER NOW THAN IT USED TO BE.
Reasons to support the
statement
Technology has speeded up
many processes
It is easier to make
communications now
International legislation
makes everything safer
Health and leisure have
improved
International flights make
crewing easier

Reason against the

statement
Seafarers are expected to
work much harder and
faster
There is an excess of
information
Bureaucratic regulations
take up too much time
these days
People dont have enough
time of
It is complex co-ordinating
seafarers from around
the world

There are more ports

STIP
equipped with efficient

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