Flexible Pavement

Flexible Pavement
Asphalt

Pavement.
Consist of thin wearing surface
asphalt built over a base and
subbase course that are usually
gravel or stone.
The major factor considered in the
design is the combined strength of
layers.

Flexible Pavement

Factors involved in design

Durability
Fatigue resistance
Flexibility
Fracture or Tensile
Permeability

Strength

Skid Resistance
Thermal Characteristics

Flexible Pavement
It

yields elastically in Traffic

Loading.
Constructed with a bituminoustreated surface or a relatively thin
surface of hoot-mix asphalt (HMA)
Widely use in construction of roads,
highway, bridge deck ,pavements in
airports and other areas where the
heavy wheel passed loads.

Components of Flexible
Pavement
Soil

Subgrade
Sub base Course
Base Course
Surface Course

Seal Coat
Wearing Course
Tack Coat
Binder Course
Prime Coat

Components of Flexible
Pavement

Components of Flexible
Pavement

Costruction of Flexible
Pavement

Types of Flexible Pavement

Types of Flexible
Pavement
Densed-Graded
A well-graded HMA Mixture intended for

general use.
Relatively impermeable if properly
design and constructed.
With its nominal maximum aggregate
size, it can be defined either finedgraded or coursed-graded.

Types of Flexible
Pavement
Open-Graded
Designed to be water permeable and

use the crashed-stone or gravel and a

little manufactured sand
Open Graded Friction Course- used as surface
course only and reduces tires splash and
spray
Asphalt Treated Permeable Base- used as
drainage below Densed-Graded HMA and SMA

Types of Flexible
Pavement
Gap-Graded
Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA)
Usually more expensive than typical

densed-graded because it consist more

durable aggregates, higher and modified
asphalts and fibers .
Because of its stone-to-stone contact, it
reduces deformation such as rutting

Types of Flexible Pavement

Load Distribution of Flexible

Pavement

Load Distribution of Flexible

Pavement

Flexible Pavement
Principle:

Weight of tire is assumed to be

transmitting in a 45 cone.
Formula:
Fti =

(r + t0-i)

Where:
Fti The force on the layer wanted
W The load
r half width of tire
to-I total thickness to the point of layer wanted

Load Distribution of Flexible

Pavement

Advantages and Disadvantages

of Flexible Pavement
Advantage
Low construction cost
Low curing period, road shall be used

after 24 hrs.
Good point load carrying capacity
Skid resistance
Ease of maintenance and repair
Ability to accommodate movement of
under laying layers due to climatic
change and load deformation

Advantages and Disadvantages

of Flexible Pavement
Disadvatages
Low tolerance to temperature change
Deterioration and rutting due to cyclic

loading
Service life is highly dependent on the
strength of the subgrades
Damage by fuels, oils and other
chemicals