THE CELL MEMBRANE

Presented by: Jared Mabulay

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Also known as the Plasma,

Cytoplasmic, or Cellular
membrane.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Thin and flexible.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Encloses the cytoplasm of

the prokaryotic cell.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Consists of proteins and

phospholipids.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Selectively permeable

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Controls the substances that

may enter or leave the cell.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Many enzymes are attached to

the cell membrane.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Where various metabolic

reactions take place.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Cellular respirations occur in

Prokaryotic cells due to the lack
of mitochondria which usually
produces energy in eukaryotic
cells.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Mesosomes Inward foldings

on the
cell membrane.
Believed to be where
cellular respirations occur.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

In cyanobacteria and
photosynthetic bacteria, the
infoldings of the membrane
contains chlorophyll and other
pigments to trap light energy for
photosynthesis.

THE CELL MEMBRANE

Prokaryotic cells dont contain any

membrane bound organelles or
vesicles.
i.e. Mitochondria, lysosomes, the
endoplasmic reticulum, and the Golgi
apparatus

THE CELL WALL

Presented by: Jared Mabulay

Provides cell with rigidity,

strength, and protection.

Mainly constituted of a
peptidoglycan
Also called Murein
A complex
macromolecular polymer

The thickness and exact

composition of cell walls vary
with the species of bacteria.

Gram-Positive Bacteria
Has a thick layer of Murein
combined with teichoic acid
and lipoteichoic acid.

Gram-Negative Bacteria
Much thinner layer of Murein
Covered with a complex layer
of lipid macromolecules

Although most bacteria have

cell walls, bacteria in the genus
Mycoplasma do not.

Archea have cell walls but, but

they dont contain
peptidoglycans.

Some bacteria lose their ability to

produce cell walls, transforming
into tiny variants of the same
species referred to as L-form or
Cell wall-deficient (CWD).

Clinicians are often unaware of

the presence of CWD in their
patients.
This is because CWD bacteria do
not grow in laboratory
conditions; They must be
cultured in a different medium
and a different temperature.

GLYCOCALYX
Presented by: Jared Mabulay

GLYCOCALYX

Thick, slimy, gelatinous layer

of material produced by the
cell membrane secreted
outside the cell wall of some
bacteria.

GLYCOCALYX

The two types of glycocalyx are

the Slime Layer and the
Capsule.

SLIME LAYER

Not highly organized.

Not firmly attached.
Can easily detach from the
cell wall and drift away.

SLIME LAYER

Bacteria in the genus

Pseudomonas produce a
slime layer, which
sometimes plays a role in
diseases.

SLIME LAYER

Slime layers enable certain

bacteria to glide or slide
along solid surfaces, and
seem to protect bacteria
from antibiotics and
desiccation

CAPSULE

Highly organized
Firmly attached.
Consists of polysaccharides
which may be combined
with lipids and proteins
depending on the bacterial
species

CAPSULE

Bacterial capsules serve an

antiphagocytic function,
meaning that they protect
encapsulated bacteria from
being phagocytized by white
blood cells.