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GERUND
To-infinitive + Gerund
The to-infinitive after a verb often
describes a future event.
Eg: after hope, expect, promise, want,
the event in the to-infintive comes after
the activity or thought in the main verb:
I hope to see you next week.
afford / agree
I agree to go to the Beijing trip this
summer holiday.
I can afford to buy this picture.
learn / need
We should learn to do housework.
Human need to drink water.
Hope / wish
I hope to meet Beckham in
England.
I wish to fly up high in the sky.
Want / decide
I want to do the homework today.
I decide to buy this book.
Expect / fail
We expect to pass the English exam.
We failed to do the homework.
Tell / want
He wanted to tell her about his
feelings.
Ask / decide
I asked my mum to go shopping with
me.
I decided to go hiking this Sunday.
Promise / refuse
I promised my mother to finish my
homework by 6pm.
I refuse to invite Yumiko to my party.
Gerund (general),
to-infinitive (particular situation)
Some verbs are generally followed by
the gerund when used in a general sense
The to-infinitive is often used for a
particular situation.
Love
Like
Hate
Prefer
Exercise
1. (swim) _________is a very good
form of exercise.
2. I have some (shop) ______to do
this afternoon.
3. (learn) _________English takes a
long time.
Exercise
1. Mary is fond of _______ (sing).
2. The boy soon became accustomed
to _______ (work) hard.
3. Are you afraid of _______ (play) the
exciting electronic games.
4. She is never tired of _______ (talk)
about her clever son.
G1 admit
G2- avoid
G3 delay
G4-deny
G5-enjoy
G6-finish
G7 keep
G8-mind
Admit
My brother admitted breaking the
vase.
Avoid
I avoid walking on busy streets.
Delay
The school delayed opening this
morning.
finish
I finish doing my homework.
Keep
After 4 hours, he keeps standing
there.
Mind
Would you mind lending your pen
to me.
deny
I
I
I
I
deny
deny
deny
deny
Enjoy
I enjoy playing computer games.
After verbs
admit cant help dislike
keep
try
finish
advise keep enjoy
appreciate mindavoid
understand suggest forgive
E.g
John has finished repairing his bicycle.
They enjoy walking in the evening.
Mary dislikes swimming in winter.
Exercise
1. He kept ________(run) till the end.
2. She enjoys _______ (run) for
competition.
3. They dislike _______(drive) small
cars.
4. He avoided ________(answer) my
question.
5. Would you mind me ________
(smoke) in this room.
Bare infinitive
Infinitive form without to
1. After modal verbs (should, could,
must..etc), had better and
would rather
3. After
Bare infinitive
Infinitive form without to
1. After modal verbs (should, could,
must..etc), had better and
would rather
1
2
right
I enjoy to swim.
I enjoy swimming.
Which is correct ?
right
want
I
want
to study .
studying.
Which is correct ?
1
2
right
finish
I
finish
to eat .
eating.
Which is correct ?
right
need
I
need
to study .
studying.
Which is correct ?
right
hope to study .
I
hope
studying.
Which is correct ?
1
right
stopped
smoke.
to
I stopped
smoking.
Which is correct ?
2. To say why we do
things
2. After prepositions
(on,
in, before, for, without, afteretc.)
(purpose)
(eg:
7. No + gerund
Eg: No money, no talking.
* Some words can use both 8. Stop + gerund.
to-infinitive and gerund with Eg: stop talking, stop
the same meaning. (eg: love,
like, begin, start, intend, continue..etc)