World Bank’s Policies on Social

Safeguards
 Key Objectives/Benefits of World
Bank’s Social Safeguard Policies
• Design/implement projects sustainably
• Identify/address impacts on third parties, (esp.
the poor and the vulnerable)
• Promote time and cost efficiency
• Facilitate responsible growth (enhance
Corporate credibility/rating)
• Expand future development/business opportunities
 Operational Policy on Involuntary
Resettlement (OP/BP 4.12)
• WB-first international agency to adopt IR policy–
1980
• Policy applies to all Bank supported operations
• Policy revised in 1991 and 2001 to reflect lessons
learnt
• Involuntary Resettlement Sourcebook-User
Guidance
• IFC and MIGA: similar policy provisions
• ADB/ JICA-similar policies
• International banks-Equator Principles
 Key Objectives and Principles
• Avoid/minimize IR by exploring alternatives
• Mitigate unavoidable IR impact;
• Treat mitigation as development; allow PAPs to share in
project benefits
• Encourage PAP participation in IR process;
• Assist PAPs in their efforts to improve their
livelihoods/living standards, help restore them
• Assist PAPs to restore their livelihoods, regardless of
tenure over occupied land
• Pay for affected assets at replacement cost
 Application of the Policy

• The policy is triggered by:

– Involuntary taking of land and other
assets, (impact on livelihoods) and
– Restriction of access to parks and
protected areas

• Covers direct economic and social impacts

that result from Bank-assisted investment
projects due to the above two instances
 Coverage of the Policy
• In addition to Bank financed activities, the policy
applies to:
– all project activities, including those that are not
financed by the Bank
• Activities outside the Bank project, if they are:
– necessary to achieve project objectives,
– are directly and significantly related to the Bank-
assisted project, and
– are carried out, or planned to be carried out,
contemporaneously with the project
 Categories of affected people
Three categories of affected people based on land
tenure legality are recognized:

• Those who have formal, legal rights to affected land

(including customary and traditional rights
recognized under the country’s laws)
• Those who do not have formal legal rights but have
a claim that is recognized under the laws of the
country
• Those who have no recognizable legal right or claim
to the land they are occupying
 Entitlements of Affected People
Compensation for affected land paid to…
• those who have legal rights on affected land, and those who
have claims that can be regularized
Resettlement Assistance provided to…
• those who have no recognizable legal right or claim to
affected land but who occupy the land before the “cut-off
date”
Compensation for affected structures to all three
categories of affected people
No assistance provided to...
• those who occupy lands after the cut-off date
 Planning Instruments
• Resettlement Plans need to be prepared before
appraisal for all Bank projects involving
resettlement.
• Resettlement policy framework to be prepared
before appraisal for “sectoral lending operations
and projects with multiple subprojects”
• Process framework to be prepared before
appraisal for projects involving restriction of
access to natural resources in parks and
protected areas
 R&R Measures
• Compensation for affected assets needs to
be paid at the replacement cost
• If productive assets are affected,
development assistance needs to be
provided to help achieve livelihood
restoration
• Affected people need to be assisted with
shifting to new locations
• Transition arrangements are needed until
livelihood restoration is established
 R&R Schedule

• Prior to the physical relocation of affected

people:
– Compensation for affected land and other assets
should be paid
– And, if applicable…..
• Relocation sites should be ready
• Moving and other allowances paid
• Livelihood restoration measures initiated
 OP 4.10 Indigenous People: Why
• Tribal identities and cultures: inextricably linked to land
and natural resources on which they depend.
• This exposes tribes to different types of risks and levels
of impacts from development projects
• Gender issues among tribes are complex.
• Tribes: often most marginalized and vulnerable segments
• Poor socio-eco and legal status often limits their capacity
to defend their interests, draw benefit from development.
• IPDP /TAP helps protect their interests and concerns
• Their rights are increasingly being addressed under both
domestic and international law.
 Tribal Action Plan
Aims to ensure that tribal people
• Benefit from prior, informed consultation and participation in Bank
projects that affect them
• Get full respect for their dignity, human rights and cultural identity in the
development process
• Do not suffer (by avoiding/mitigating potentially adverse effects caused
by developmental activities)
• Receive culturally compatible economic and social benefits
What to do?
• Consult the community to take their views on the project
• Avoid potentially adverse effects on the community
• Where not avoidable, minimize adverse impacts and mitigate/
compensate the community for such impacts
• Ensure that the community receives social and economic benefits from
the project
 Consultation, Grievance Redress,
Monitoring and Evaluation
• Consultations with PAP communities: essential to project
design/implementation

• Mechanisms to redress PAP grievances, viewed as

efficient and credible by all stakeholders, need to be
established

• Monitoring of resettlement implementation should be

carried out both by internal agencies and external agencies
 Transparency and Accountability
As a condition of project appraisal –
Borrower: Shares with Bank Mitigation Plans (RAP, RPF, TAP)
and makes these available to PAPs and other stakeholders
The Bank: Makes it available to the public through its InfoShop
Bank Procedure on Disclosure BP 17.50
• Increase the project benefits and reduce negative impacts
• Design better projects by involving different actors
• Increase accountability and transparency
• New WB Access to Information Policy
 Supervision, Completion and Beyond
• Task teams work with borrower to supervise
implementation
• Supervision continues until the agreed
resettlement measures are implemented
• Impact Assessment: A socioeconomic survey to
assess/establish resettlement completion
• An independent agency is normally employed to
carry this out.
• If the assessment reveals that objectives may not
be realized, follow-up measures may be needed
 Inspection Panel: OP 17.55
• 3 Member IP established by IBRD/IDA September 22, 1993
• IP provides a forum for people who believe they may be adversely affected by
Bank-financed operations, by bringing their concerns to the highest decision-
making levels of the World Bank.
• IP determines if the Bank is complying with its own policies and procedures,
which are designed to ensure that Bank-financed operations provide social and
environmental benefits and avoid harm to people/the environment.
• Process: request>Sent by IP to management>mgmt to respond
within 21 days providing evidence regarding:
– (a) compliance with relevant OP/BP;
– (b) failures attributable to Bank's actions or omissions in compliance
– (c) failures attributable to borrower/ factors external to Bank;
– (d) failures attributable to non-compliance by Bank/borrower/external factors
• IP recommends within 21 to Board regarding eligibility,
• Board decides regarding investigation>
Thank you