Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Protection
Drainage
It
Hydraulic
Hydrology
Is
Necessary
Drainage Economic
Considerations
Determine
Formula: Q=clAd
Where:
Q=quantity of runof in cubic foot per second.
c=runof coefficient expressing the ratio or rate
of runof to the
rate of rainfall.
l=intensity of rainfall in inches per hour for a
duration equal to
the time of concentration.
Ad=drainage area in hectares.
Manhole
Material Requirements
Concrete
Trench
Backfill Material
Clay
or Shale Brick
Mortar
for Manhole
Reinforcing
Ladder
Pipe
Steel
Rungs
Types of Manhole
SHALLOW
MANHOLE
NORMAL
MANHOLE
DEEP MANHOLE
CHANNEL
The purpose of
designing
a
channel
is
to
CHANNEL
determine
the
cross section of
the canal that will
accommodate
water
flow
smoothly
and
cheapest
to
construct
and
maintain.
Side
CULVERT
Except the
storm drain,
culvert
includes all
closed conduits
with standard
designs
repeatedly
used.
CULVERT
The culvert is loaded
vertically by wheel load of
vehicles, the earth filling and
earth pressure.
Magnitude of these loads
depends on:
a. Depth of cover
b. Nature and density of
overlapping and adjacent
soils
c. Trench width and depth
d. Deformation of the pipe
under load
e. Field construction
procedures
CONDUITS
It is a channel
for conveying
water or other
fluid.
It is also a tube
or trough for
protecting
electric wiring.
Backfilling
To refill (an
excavated hole)
with the material
dug out of it.
Design of underdrain
Underdrain
Debris Control
Flood
in natural conditions
Changes induced by man
Slide
It
Slide
Translational Slide
Block or wedge failure
Flows and spread
slopes:
Flattening of slope
Drainage
Densification of cohesionless soils
Consolidation of soil
Grouting and injecting methods
Sheet piles and retaining walls
Retaining Wall
Retaining
walls are
structures designed to
restrain soil to unnatural
slopes.
Grouting
Grout
Weeping Holes
A
Sheet Piles
Sheet