Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Materials
Prepared By
Engr. Rashidul
Islam(Rashed)
Prepared By Rashed
TEX ILES
LES PRODUCTI
PR UCTION
O FLOW
FL W
TEXTI
IL
AL
TEXTILE
RAW
(
N MADE
MATERIAL
(NATURAL/MANMADE)
(S
YARN
MANUFACTURING
M
N
(SPINNING)
(
I N KNI
FABRIC
TEXTILES
TEX
MANUFACTURING
PROCESSING
(WEAVING/KNITTING)
GARMENT
GAR
M
MANUFACTURING
U I NG
Textiles Raw
Materials
Nature presents a large variety of fibers.
Beside this it is possible today to produce
a number of different kinds of man made
fibers but only a relatively small amount of
this is actually used in textile industry.
Prepared By Rashed
Raw Material
Blends
Textile raw materials are selected as per
the manufacturing policy of the company
i.e.
whether a composite mill or only
a spinning, weaving or dyeing
/finishing.
Cotton mills are usually using the blends of
cotton polyester, cotton viscose, cotton
acrylic, blends of more then two fibers
suit various purpose. Proper selection of
the suitable raw material is directly linked
with the quality of the planned production.
Prepared By Rashed
Textile
Fiber
Fiber is a matter
flexibility, fineness and
length to thickness. It
least length to diameter
to consider a fiber.
which includes
a high ratio
of
ratio
is 1000 at
is necessary
Some
additional characteristics are
the
required for textile fibers,
certain
as
such stability at high temperature,
minimum strength
& extensibility.
a
Prepared By Rashed
RA W MATERI
ATE IALS
AL TYPES
TYP
RAW
NATURAL
NATURAL I BERS
FIBERS
ANIM
ANI MA
L
VEGITABL
TABL
E
SILK
LK
W OO
L
HAIR
COTTO
O
N
N
F
FLAX
JU
JUTE
MAN-MADEF
FIBERS
SYNTHETIC
CS
S
REGENRATE
REGENRATED
D
V VISCOSE
RAYON
RAYON
U RO.
CUPRO.
ACETA
ACETATE
UBB R
S
RUBBER
MINERAL
MI
BASE
GL BASE
S
TA )
POLYESTER
POLY
NYLONN
ACRYLIC
ACRYL
POLYURETHAN
H
E
MIMINERAL
BASE
BASE
S ST )
(GL ASS/METAL)
(ASBESTOS)
Physical Types of
Fiber
1 . Staple Fibers: Any fiber
with
practically limited
a finite length
or
is
called Staple Fiber These are small
length fiber like cotton, wool, jute etc. it
may be natural (Cotton) or man-made
(Viscose rayon, Polyester).
2. Filament Fibers: All fibers having a
practically unlimited or infinite length
are called filaments. Filament fibers are
continuous (long) fiber. It may be natural
like silk or synthetic like Nylon.
Prepared By Rashed
Cotto
n
The cotton fiber from the
plant as the
long hair
attached to the seed inside
the boll. As the plant grow
the fibers packed tightly
into the boll. When it
reached to maturity , the
bolls bursts and cotton
appears as a soft wad of
fine fibers.
Prepared By Rashed
Ginning
After picking from field the cotton fibers are
separated from seeds by Ginning Process.
Quite often wet & damp cotton is
presented to Ginneries which cannot be
perfectly pass through the machine
passages and generally cases to loose a
large percentage of foreign substance . All
foreign matter can not be taken out
during ginning.
Prepared By Rashed
Types of
Ginning
1. Saw Ginning: In saw ginning
circular saw revolves on one
shaft. The quality of cotton is
more clean in saw ginning. But
Fiber breakage (Gin cut) is too
high in saw ginning.
2.
3. Roller Ginning: In case of roller
ginning the cotton fibers are
separated by revolving rollers.
The
cotton
contains
comparatively more trash.
Prepared By Rashed
Bast
Fibers
fibers
These
are
constructed of long thick
walled
cells
which
overlapped one and
other; they are cemented
together by non cellulose
material
to
form
continues strand
that
may run the entire length
of the plant stem.
On the quantity based the
jute is most important in
the bast textile fibers,
but the most of is made
into baggage
cloths.
Prepared By Rashed
Flax
The production of the flax
is 1/7 of the jute fibers,
but the flax is the fibers
from which we make linen;
it is on that basis the most
important of the bast
fibers in textiles.
Flax appears to be the
earliest vegetable
bast
fiber to be used industrially
and there
fibers come
from the stem of an annul
plant which grown was
confirmed from almost in
all European country, Russia
& NorthPrepared
America
By Rashed .
Cultivation
2.
Harvesting
3.
Rippling
4.
Retting
5.
6.
Heckling
Prepared By Rashed
When the
reaches to
Harvesting:
plant
height of 3`-4` as consider full
growth the plant is pulled up & cut down.
Rippling: Removal of leaves and seeds by a
series of up right forks.
Retting: It involve the decomposition of
the woody matter enclosing the cellulose
fibers.
Prepared By Rashed
Wool Production
The sheep was an obvious
choice when human needs
worm clothing, as he wanted
an animal that would
provide a skin of size
suitable for use as a human
garment: and he wanted, at
the same time, a creature
that grew a soft and
comfortable fleece.
Modern sheep have been
bread to provide as a large
proposition of wool as
possible.
Prepared By Rashed
Wool Grading
Prepared By Rashed
Recovered wool:
Types of Recycle
Wool
Prepared By Rashed
Sil
k
Silk
Production
Production
Hatching:
Process of hatching
Moulting:
Spinning the cocoon:
Reeling:
De-gumming:
Prepared By Rashed
Prepared By Rashed
Silk
Production
Prepared By Rashed
Prepared By Rashed
Prepared By Rashed
Thank You
Prepared By Rashed