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SYSTEM
Group V
Building Construction 2
INTRODUCTION
Air conditioning is the process of altering the
properties of air
(primarily temperature and humidity) to more
favorable conditions.
The control of these conditions may be
desirable to maintain the health and comfort of
the occupants, or to meet the requirements of
industrial processes irrespective of the external
climatic conditions
COMPRESSOR
EVAPORATOR
CONDENSER
EXPANSION VALVE
Compressor
-Inhaling the refrigerant
from the suction channel
- Compressing to the
discharge channel.
Evaporator
-Liquid turns to vapor
-Cold air flows out room
Condenser
-Remove heat from condenser
-Refrigerant vapor turn to liquid.
Expansion Valve
-Low the temperature and
pressure of liquid
-Control the flow rate in
-to the evaporator.
PRINCIPLES OF AIR-CONDITIONING
The goal is to keep it more comfortable inside the house than
it is outside.
THE COOLANT
Heat is removed from the cooling by coolant.
Functions as a heat absorber from the evaporator
Good coolant must have features ;
Non toxic
Not explosive
Non-corrosive components
Soluble in oil to lubricate effectively
Harmless when responding to oil even in the presence of
moisture
6. Have a high resistance to electricity.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Examples of coolant
R-22
MONOKLORODIFLUOROMETANA
R-11
TRIKLOROMONOFLUROMETANA
R-12
DIKLORODIFLUOROMETANA
Cooling Capacity
Cooling capacity for a room is defined as the heat load in a room that
width and height of the room in feet and multiply all the three dimensions together.
Volume = Width X Length X Height (cubic feet)
Step 2Multiply this volume by 6.
C1 = Volume X 6
Step 3Estimate the number of people (N) that will usually occupy this room. Each
person produces about 500 BTU/hr of heat for normal office-related activity.
Multiply this two figures together.
C2 = N x 500 BTU/hr
Step 4Add C1 and C2 together and you will get a very simplified cooling capacity
needed for the room.
Estimated Cooling Capacity needed = C1 + C2 (BTU/hr)
DISTRICT
COOLING
SYSTEM
CHILLED BEAM
SYSTEM
PUTRAJAYA
BANGSAR
KUALA LUMPUR
INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
UKM
DCS - COMPONENTS
Central Chiller Plant generate chilled water for
cooling purposes
Distribution Network distribute chilled water to
building
User Station interface own building air-conditioning
circuit
ADVANTAGES
Simple to design and control
Smaller ductwork
Less mechanical space
Less maintenance
Increase comfort
disadvantages
Not well known in our industry
Higher construction cost
Many engineers arent familiar