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ANATOMY OF VERTEBRAE
Vertebra consist of:
7 vertebra cervical
12 vertebra thoracal
5 vertebra lumbal
5 vertebra sacral
4 vertebra coccyx
ANATOMY OF VERTEBRA
ANATOMY OF VERTEBRA
TRAUMA CERVIKAL
FRAKTUR AVULSI :
(fraktur clay shoveller).
Mechanism of Fractures
Hyperflexion
Compression
Hyperextension
Axial
STRAIN SERVIKAL
(WHIPLASH)
The term whiplash given on a soft
tissue injury that occurs when the
neck arrived - arrived snapped into
hiperekstensi. usualy these injuries
occurred after a hit from behind ;
body was thrown forward and head
jerked back .
FRAKTUR C1 (FRAKTUR
JEFERSON)
Sudden heavy load on the head can
cause the power of " crushing " which
can cause fracture of the atlas ring
behind and in front of the lateral
masses ( Jeferson fracture ) .
FRAKTUR PEDICULUS C2
Fractures people found hanged in
daily life - the day in a car accident
where the head hit the windshield ,
forcing the neck berhiperekstensi . If
both pedicles fractured and severely
shifted , the damage will lead to
death
FRAKTUR ODONTOID
CEDERA HIPEREKSTENSI C3 ke
T1
DISLOKASI PERMUKAAN
UNILATERAL
injury flexion rotation but only the
articular surface of the berdislokasi . In
the X-ray examination of the vertebral
body seemed to shift in part ( less than
half the width of the corpus ) and the
segment upper vertebrae rotated slightly
above the vertebra in below. Distruction
cord injury was very severe and can
occur spontaneously stabil.Reduksi neck
while being positioned for traction
Fraktur Thorakal
Thoracic vertebral fractures are
usually caused by trauma to the
longitudinal axis of the vertical
through belakang.Trauma bone
occurs because of the burden falling
over or falling from a height
injury Thorakolumbal
The most common cause of injury
was a fall from a height torakalumbal
and accidents. In an accident with On
crash with high speed and great
power often obtained assorted
combinations of styles that flexion ,
rotation and extension so that the
type of fracture is invoice dislocation
Fraktur dislokasi
Diagnosis
Anamnesa
physical examination
inspection support
Management
First aid and emergency treatment of
spinal trauma consists of :
assessment of consciousness ,
airway , breathing , circulation
Therapy on vertebral fracture begins
to overcome pain and stabilization to
prevent further damage again , it all
depends on the type of fracture
Fracture lumbal-classification of
columna spinalis
FRACTURE LUMBAL
Classification
Based of tingkat keparahan :
Fracture minor : fraktur pada bagian belakang
vertebra yang tidak vital untuk stabilitas spinal.
Termasuk di dalamnya fraktur processus spinosus
dan facet joint
Fracture mayor : fraktur yang mengenai corpus
vertebra, pedikel, atau lamina. Fraktur corpus
vertebra dianggap mayor karena berfungsi untuk
menyangga beban tubuh. Fraktur pada pedikel atau
lamina dianggap berbahaya karena dapat terjadi
kerusakan saraf.
MECHANISM OF INJURY
Trauma Fleksi
Hiperekstensi atau
retrofleksi
kompresi vertikal
Burst fracture
FRACTURE SACRUM
Definition : fracture of the sacrum is
the complete or incomplete fracture
in the sacrum
KLASIFIKASI ISLER
sler I do not interfere with the
stability of the lumbosacral , but
it can affect the stability of the
pelvic ring . Fractures of the
lumbosacral junction were out
past the L5 - S1 facet classified
as type II . Fractures of the
lumbosacral junction coming out
of the medial facet III.Fraktur
classified as type III type usually
associated with instability of the
lumbosacral junction.Injury type
III shows the separation sacrum
bilaterally with lumbosacral
section
Fracture Coccyx
Etio:
Mostly occurs when landing in the
seated position, but also during
childbirth
Diagnosis:
-tenderness palpated rectally or
eksternaly over coccyx
Management
Conservative :
-analgesic
-Stool softener-docusate (Dulcolax)
-Bed rest, Donut ring cushion
Discharge with orthopedi
-Surgical exission of fragment for
chronic pain