Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Toddlerhood
MODULE 12 Physical
Development of Infants and
Toddlers
A baby is Gods
- Carl Sandburg
Introduction
We have just trace the
activity
Take a learning partner and
ANALYSIS
1.What do you notice about the size
Cephalocaudal and
Proximodistal Patterns
Cephalocaudal Trend- is the postnatal
growth from conception to 5 months
when the head grows more than the body.
In general, an infants
length increases by about
30 percent in the first five
months.
A babys weight usually
triples during the first
year but slows down in
the second year of life.
Low percentages are not
a cause for alarm as long
as infants progress along
a natural curve of steady
development.
Brain Development
Among the most dramatic changes in the
Myelination or Myelinization
-the process by which the axons are covered
and insulated by layers of fat cells, begins
prenatally and continues after birth.
Motor Development
Along this aspects of motor
development,infants and toddlers,to grow
motor skills and fine motor skills.
Reflexes
-The newborn has some basic reflexes which
are, of course automatic, and serve as
survival mechanism before they have the
opportunity to learn.
Sucking
Reflex
-is initiated
when
something
touches the
roof of an
infants
mouth.
Cli
ck
pic
ico
tu r
nt
e
oa
dd
Rooting
Reflex
- is most evident
when an infants
cheek is stroked.
The baby
responds by
turning his or
her head in the
direction of the
touch and
opening their for
feeding.
Grippin
g Reflex
-Babies will
grasp
anything
that is
placed in
their palm.
Curling
Reflex
-When the
inner sole of
a babys foot
is
stroked,the
respond by
curling
his/her toe.
Startle /
Moro Reflex
- infants
will
respond to
sudden
sounds are
movement
s by
throwing
their arms
and legs
out, and
throwing
Galant
Reflex
- is shown
when an
infants
middle or
lower back
is stroked
next to the
spinal cord.
Tonic Neck
Reflex
-is
demonstrate
d in infants
who are
placed on
their
abdomens.
Can
newborns
hear?
The sense of
hearing in an infant
develops much
before the birth of
the baby. When in
the womb, the baby
hears his/her
mothers
heartbeats, the
grumbling of his/her
stomach, the
mothers voice and
music.
Infants sensory
thresholds are
somewhat higher
than those of adult
which means that
stimulus must be
louder to be heard
by a newborn than
Can newborns
differentiate
odors?
newborns
feel pain?
Do they
respond to
touch?
PHYSICAL HEALTH
0-6 months
Reacts to pain crying
Reacts with surprise when in contact with something
cold.
7-12 months
Making a face when he/she smells something foul
13-18 months
Participates actively in games, outdoor play and other
exercise.
19-24 months
Sustains physical activity ( dancing , outdoor games,
swimming ) for atleast 3-5 minutes.
7-12 months
Stands without support
Bends over easily without falling
13-18 months
Jumps in a place
Climbs onto steady elevated surface
19-24 months
Kicks a ball with control direction
7-12 months
Grasps objects with the same hand all the time
13-18 months
Unwraps candy/food
19-24 months
Colors with strokes going out of the lines
7-12 months
Holds a feeding bottle in himself
13-18 months
Drinks from cup unassisted
Removes shoe/sandals
Brushes teeth after meals with assistance from adult
19-24 months
Removes socks
Brushes teeth after meals with adult supervision
LANGUAGE (EXPRESSIVE
LANGUAGE)
0-6 months
Uses gestures ( stretching his/her arms , pointing)to
indicate what he/she wants.
7-12 months
Repeats sounds produced by others
Says meaningful works like papa , mama to refer to
specific persons.
13-18 months
Speaks in single word
19-24 months
Uses pronouns
REFLECTION
As a future parent or caregiver of children:
Thank You Po !