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Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food

~Hippocrates

PROF.PONNAMMA.K.M
PRINCIPAL

DEFINITIONS
NUTRITION :are substances found in foods that
provide energy and materials for cell development,
growth, and repair.
NUTRIENTS : Molecules present in the food, which
helps in the nourishment of the body
DIET : It is the food prescribed according to the
requirement of the body.

Why dietary management is important

Healthy diet can reduce the risk of heart disease and

stroke by 80%
The food you eat is as important as reducing your weight

and exercise
Healthy diet helps in controlling and modifying the risk

factors of myocadial infarction

Reduce the risk of having another infarction by 50% or

reducing further health problems.

Modify risk factors of infarction ?

Control blood sugar
Reduce blood pressure
Lower cholesterol
Reduce the body weight
Improve wellbeing
Making simple changes in the diet has big effects on

the risk factors

How to modify?
Focus on overall eating pattern
No single food can make you magically healthy
Include wide variety of food items
Instead of three/ four meals take small portions of

food at a time
Do not overfill the stomach
Do not lie down immediately after food

To reduce blood sugar

Choose food items with low glycemic index
Eg. Whole grains parboiled rice brown rice

wheat instead of maida.Maida/refined flour

contains a chemical substance called alloxan
which is diabetogenic,once inside the body it
reaches the pancreas and destroy the insulin
producing cells.
Include pulses and dhals daily

To reduce blood sugar

Pulses like green gram red gram kidney beans soya

beans it has very low glycemic index

Take whole fruit instead of juice eg,guva,apple
The soluble fibre from whole grains and beans slow

down the digestion of carbohydrates

Limit sugar intake.
Take egg white which is a complete protein

Six cholesterol busters

1.Soya foods
Naturally low in saturated fat
Reduce cholesterol
Special protein in soya appears to influence how the

body regulates cholesterol

15 gms of soya /day as soya beans, soya chunk/soya

milk

2.NUTS
All nuts are rich in vegetable

protien,fibre,healthy unsaturated
fats,vitaminE,magnesium,potassium,natural
plant sterols and host of beneficial plant
nutrients
30-35 gms(a handful) has the potential to

lower the cholesterol

3,OATS & BARLEY

They are rich in a soluble fibre beta glucan.
Once eaten beta glucan forms a gel which

helps bind cholesterol in the intestine and

prevent it from being absorbed.
3gms of oats(a bowl of porridge)

4.PLANT STEROLS AND STANOLS

Structurally similar to cholesterol
Has cholesterol lowering effect
Found in vegetable oils,whole grains.seeds and

vegetables.
They work by blocking cholesterol absorption in

the gut
1,5- 2.5 gm /day over 3 weeks reduce cholesterol

by 7-10%

5.FRUITS AND VEGETABLES

All fruits and vegetables are low in saturated fat
Five servings /day
Has plenty of soluble fibre ,eg.ladies

finger,brinjal
Fresh salads and sprouted beans
Table spoon full of dried fruits

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6.FOODS rich in unsaturated fats

saturated fat intake below 20 gms for women and

30 gms for men

Vegetable oils .eg. sunflower oil,corn oil,vegetable

nut and seed oil

Oily fish like sardine ,mackerel, salmon
Avoid coconut and palm oils
Avoid coconut milk

Raw nuts, olive oil, flaxseed and fish oils are rich in unsaturated

fat
Take chicken instead of red meat
Duck and goose are also high in cholesterol
Organ meat like liver and kidney contain more cholesterol than

cut meat
Avoid deep fried item

Avoid trans fat.eg.dalda/vanaspathi

LIMIT THE USE OF TRNS FATS

Trans fat is not advisable as it causes deposition of

fat around the abdomen, more over it causes

redistribution of fat from other body parts to the
abdomen which is risk factor for diabetes
Eg .food items like cakes,pastries,biscuits,and all

food items with dalda

Limit saturated fat eg.ghee, butter

Use monounsaturated fat like

groundnut oil,rice bran oil,sesame oil

usePoly unsaturated fat like
saffloweroil,sunfloweroil,soyabeanoil
Excess calories in any form increase
the waist circumference

By making life style changes in diet, physical

activity and quitting smoking the risk of having

another infarction can be reduced and the quality
of life will be better.
Make sure what you do today will not hurt you

tomorrow

Foods to reduce blood pressure

Limit salt intake to 2300mgm/day
Use skimmed milk and milk products
Food high in potassium gives a better ratio of

potassium to sodium this allows the kidneys to get

rid off more sodium through urine.eg green leafy
vegetables,potatos , beet root contains which bring
down the blood pressure.
Banana also contain potassium but limit the use

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TO SUMMARISE

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