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INVESTIGATION OF PULSE EXCITATION

IN
AIR-CORE PULSED ALTERNATOR
SYSTEMS

GUIDED BY:
DEEPA M.U
ASST.PROFESSOR
DEPT. EEE

PRESENTED BY:
ARUN DEV V
EEE S7
ROLL NO:6

INTRODUCTION
An air-core pulsed alternator enhances the power density
capabilities of pulsed power supply for electromagnetic
launchers.
The air-core pulsed alternator is made of nonferromagnetic materials and needs very high field current.
Usually self-excitation mode is applied, However, the
performances is limited by the excitation losses.
To solve this problem, pulse excitation mode, is presented
here.

PULSE-EXCITATION MODE

In pulse-excitation mode,a pulsed current charges the field


coil.
This results in the field coil and armature coil conducting
only for a short time around the main discharge pulse and
avoids overheating of the machine.
Compared with self excitation mode,the pulsed alternator
can be operated at a higher discharge frequency.
The circuit schematic of pulsed excitation mode is also
simpler.

OPERATION-MODE ANALYSIS
1. System Description
. The air-core pulsed alternator is made of nonferromagnetic materials, driven by a prime mover,
and could reach very high rotational speed.
. The impedance of the load is very low.
. C1 is a pulse capacitor which could be charged
both in forward and reverse directions.
. The field switches SCR1 and SCR2 alternately
conduct.
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The air-core pulsed-alternator-system


schematic

OPERATING PRINCIPLE
Initially, the pulsed alternator is driven to a desired speed,
and the pulse capacitor C1 is precharged.
At a proper trigger angle, the SCR1 conducts.
C1 discharges into the field winding which pulse excite the
alternator, meanwhile, a pulsed current is induced in the
armature winding.
In the next period, SCR2 conducts and C1 reversely
discharges and the process is repeated.
A series of repeat current pulses are obtained on the load.
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SIMULATION AND ANALYSIS


Mathematical Mode of the Air-Core
Pulsed Alternator
Simulation Results
Analysis of the Single Discharge
Progress
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Mathematical Mode of the Air-Core Pulsed Alternator


The mathematical mode of the air-core pulsed alternator is

Where,

Lf is the inductance of the field winding,


Rf is the resistance of the field winding,
La is the inductance of the armature winding,
Ra is the resistance of the armature winding,
M is the maximum mutual inductance between
armature and field windings,
is the electrical angle difference between the
armature and field windings,
ia is the current of the armature winding,
if is the current of the field winding,
ua is the voltage of the armature winding,
uf is the voltage of the field winding,
p is number of pole pairs.
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The parameters of the windings


are listed in Table I

Simulation Results
As shown in Fig.

A series of current pulses are


obtained on the load.

The field current of every


discharge is also a pulse.

The voltage of the field


capacitor is oscillating.

When the alternator discharges to the


load, a pulsed electromagnetic torque is
produced, as shown in the Fig.
This slows down the rotational speed.
At the final stage of the discharge, the
rotational speed increases a little.

Fig. shows the relationship of the


phases between armature voltage
and armature current.
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Analysis of the Single Discharge


Progress
First, the non-repeat discharge progress is investigated to analyze
the basic principle of the pulse-excitation operation mode.

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1) Expression of the
Discharge Current
The discharge is composed of a sinusoidal
component and an exponential component.

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2) Expression of the Field


Current
The field current is composed of an LC
oscillatory-current component and a pulse
component.

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3) Voltage of Field
Capacitor:

The voltage of the field capacitor is


oscillating from 5 to about 5 kV.
At the beginning, C1 discharges into the
field winding.
At peak value, the field windings reversely
charges the capacitor.
C1 recovers energy that is more than that
of its precharged value because armature
reaction energizes C1.
Therefore, in the next period, the load could
get a pulse similar in shape and peak value
to the previous one.
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4) Rotational-Speed
Changes:
During the discharge process, the
rotational speed of the rotor reduces at
the beginning, and rises a little at the
last stage.
The rotational speed increase in the
final stage indicates that the electrical
energy flows back to the alternator.
the electromagnetic torque Tem
becomes negative, and the product of
the discharge current and voltage
across the load is negative.

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ADVANTAGES
Compared with the self-excitation operation
mode,the pulse excitation operation mode
reduces the field loss in each discharge process.
The cross section of the field conductor can be
designed smaller.
The turns of the field coil can be designed larger,
and the thermal management system, such as
the active cooling system, is not needed anymore.
All of these allow a higher tip speed of the rotor
and a better performance of the air-core pulsed
alternator.
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DISADVANTAGES
Voltage of the field capacitor is limited by the
withstand voltage of the alternator.
The effective capacitance is determined by the
parameters of the field circuit loop, such as
inductance and resistance.
Thus, the field energy and field current is limited
and so is the performance of the alternator

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CONCLUSION
The pulse-excitation mode in a pulsed-alternator

system has been investigated.


The performance of this system is presented by
simulation.
Current pulses with high repeat frequency and
similar peak value are obtained on the load.
The analysis of this mode is carried out by the
single discharge progress.
The advantages and disadvantages of this mode
are discussed.

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REFERENCES
Investigation of Pulse Excitation in Air-Core
Pulsed-Alternator System BY Caiyong Ye, Kexun
Yu, Zhenxiu Lou, Zhangao Ren, and Yuan Pan
J. R. Kitzmiller, S. B. Pratap, and M. D. Driga, An
application guide for compulsators, IEEE Trans.
Magn., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 285288,Jan. 2003.
W. A. Walls, Rotating machines for pulsed
power, in Proc. Power Modulator Symp. HighVoltage Workshop, 2002, pp. 3338.

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THANK YOU

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