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F 0 v const.
Tipuri de fore
Fore de contact:
o
o
o
o
de frecare
de ntindere
de reaciune
fore aplicate
Nuclear puternic
Electromagnetic
Nuclear slab
Gravitaional
1
~10-2
~10-13
~10-39
F ma
p mv
Teorema impulsului
Teorema momentului cinetic
Teoremele energiei mecanice
Vectorulmomentcineticesteorientatperpendicular
peplanulformatdevectoriirsipiaresensuldat
deregulaburghiuluidrept.
[L]SI=1kgm2s-1=1Js
M rF
[M]SI=1Nm
dL d
dr
d
L
r mv
mv r mv r F
dt dt
dt
dt
d
M L
dt
M 0
L const.
W Fdr F dr cos
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W ( A B) Fdr
A 1
cos
Fdr
A 1
-incelemaimultecazuri:
B
Fdr
A 1
[J]
Fdr
Ex:foradefrecare
A 2
16
Static friction,
Materials
Aluminum
Steel
0.61
Copper
Steel
0.53
Brass (alam)
Steel
0.51
Copper
1.05
Cast iron
Zinc
0.85
Concrete (wet)
Rubber
0.30
Concrete (dry)
Rubber
1.0
Concrete
Wood
0.62
Copper
Glass
0.68
Glass
Glass
0.94
Metal
Wood
0.2-0.6
Polythene
Steel
0.2
Steel
Steel
0.80
Steel
Teflon
0.04
Teflon
Teflon
0.04
Wood
Wood
0.25-0.5
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mv
Ec
2
[ Ec ]SI 1J
dp
1 2
1 2
W v dt d (mv )v d mv d mv
dt
2
-Legeadevariaieaenergieicinetice
18
Fdr
A( 1 )
Fdr
A( 2 )
Fdr 0, 1 2
Ex:foraelastic,electrostatic,gravitaional,etc
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Wa Fa s Fa h mgh, 0, Fa mg
W p W g
Energia pe care o are cutia pe raft e o cantitate pozitiv relativ la
nivelul podelei. i asociem cutiei energia potenial U .
20
E m Ec U
21
dr i dx j dy k dz
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1. Cmpul gravitaional.
Energia potenial n cmpul gravitaional
depinde de nlimea, h, la care se afl punctul
material de mas m:
=> fora de greutate:
2. Cmpul forelor elastice.
=>
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=>fora electrostatic
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