1.1.

1 Mechanisms
SIMPLE MACHINES
1ST, 2ND, & 3RD CLASS LEVERS
WHEEL & AXLE

Quietly read and decide what type of learner you may be. Once you have
decided, privately write your choice on the sticky note provided.

(1) I do it, build it, then I look at it to make it better.

(2) I need to draw/write out my ideas before I start.
(3) I work best talking about my ideas with others

and make a plan before I start.

I then grouped them from their own number choice.

Your groups challenge is to create a...

1st class lever system
2nd class lever system
3rd class lever system

with various FT parts & a scientific mass. Apply the scientific mass
(resistance force) to the lever and use a spring scale and/or a force
meter (measures force in Newtons) to determine static equilibrium.

~OR~
wheel & axle system

utilizing the FT parts, a scientific mass, and string.

Attach one end of a string to the outside surface of the wheel.
Attach one end of a second string to the outside surface of the axle
(Youll attach the scientific mass here later)

You want me to do WHAT????

Build a simple machinewell be testing it soon for

MA (AMA, IMA, and Efficiency)

Heres some ideas to get you started

Hints on how these

FTs go together?
(YOU WONT USE ALL/MANY OF THESE FOR THE
SIMPLE MACHINES, BUT IT GIVES YOU SOME IDEAS!)

Universal Joint
Transmits power when shafts are not in line

Spur Gears
Change speed, torque, and rotational speed

Idler Gear
No effect on speed and torque, but input and output

shafts turn in the same direction

Rack & Pinion

Rack (in red) & pinion (in black) converts rotary motion

of the pinion gear to linear motion of the rack

Reversible, positive drive with no slipping

Crown & Pinion

Mechanism reduces speed and increases torque
Output shaft is at a 90-degree angle to the input shaft
Gears rotate in opposite directions

Bevel Gears
Gears increase torque or speed
Output shaft is at a 90-degree angle to the input shaft
Gears rotate in opposite directions

Worm Gear
Gear increases torque and reduces speed
Output shaft is at a 90-degree angle to the input shaft
Direction of rotation can be reversed, but the output gear

cannot drive the worm gear

Cam
As a cam rotates the flat follower is raised and lowered,

converting rotary motion to linear motion

FOLLOWER

CAM
LOB
E

Chain & Sprocket

Chain and sprocket apparatus increases speed or torque
Mechanism can run in reverse direction with no slipping
Input and output shafts rotate in the same direction

Pulley & Belt

Mechanism can increase torque or speed and can run in

reverse
Input and output shafts are parallel and rotate in the same
direction
Slipping of the belt may occur

Motor Driven Worm Gear

Gear reduces speed and increases torque
Output shaft is at a 90-degree angle to the input shaft
Direction of motion is reversible, but the output gear

cannot turn the worm gear

Motor Driven Pulley & Belt

Mechanism can increase torque or speed
Input and output shafts are parallel and rotate in the same

direction
Slipping of the belt may occur

Screw
Mechanism converts rotary motion to linear motion and

increases torque
Direction of rotation is reversible