PAK US

RELATIONS

PATTERN OF FRIENDSHIP
Unstable - Fluctuating
Divergent interests

Period of Friendship 1 (1947-1960s)

Gone Apart 2 (1960s-1979)
Pak Again A Front Line Ally 3 (1979-1987)
Decade of Disenchantment 4 (1987-9/11)
Alliance Restored 5 (9/11- to date)

1: 1947 60s
(Friendship period)
Security
1954 - SEATO
1955 CENTO.
1961 - U-2 incidence
$ 3.5 bn Our territory used

2: 1960s 1979
(Partnership over)
India China war (1962)
1965 war
1976- Nuclear program
1979- Symington law

3: 1979 1987
Alliance restored

1979 - USSRs invasion in Afghanistan

$ 3.2 bn
Symington- waived off.
1985 - Presslers amendment
1987 - Genevas Accord

4: 1987 - 9/11
Dark phase
Nuclear- rogue state
Nuclear sanctions
Terrorism
Democracy sanctions
Financial crunch
Political isolation
India, the beneficiary.

5: 9/11/01 to date
3rd bond of alliance
Sep.01 - Alliance - War Against Terrorism
Sep.01-Pakistans support sought

Debt rescheduled
Sanctions Lifted
Major Non NATO Ally
Till 2009 - US $12 bn Aid

9/11 - 01 to date
Price
Kashmir & Afghan policy
120,000 Pak troops
Sovereignty eroded.
National interest

2006- Spread of war Ambivalence in American attitude

Do-More
2008-09 - Drone attacks
Jan . 2009 Obamas agenda

Pak under intense pressure Malakand operation

Kerry Lugar bill (law)- $ 7.5 bn But with

conditions.

Strings attached to military aid (Oct.09)

CURRENT SITUATION-09
Heavy military operation- South Waziristan
IDPs- 2 waves
Pak in deep trouble due to internal instability.
Terrorism permeated. US encirclement policy & Black
Water issue
Conditionalities of Aid ( Kerry Lugar bill). Take it or leave
it. (Kerry- Oct.09)
New conditions on military aid.
Ambivalent remarks/ attitude- Do More Mantra.

Atlantic Council - Pakistan faces dire

economic and security threats
(Feb. 2009)

The council underlines that Pakistan is on a rapid

trajectory towards becoming a failing or failed
state. Adding, that trajectory must be reversed
now. (Feb. 2009)

Pakistan bigger worry than Kabul:

(Christopher Dell, Mar. 2009)

Pakistan is a mortal threat to the world

America is responsible for drifting of Pakistan into
extremism.
(Hillary Clinton Apr.09)
US wronged Pakistan for 30 years
( Hillary again admits in May 2009)
Pak reluctant to destroy militants network. (PatersonSept)
US made a mistake by abandoning Pak after Afghan
war. (Hillary- Nov.09)

Period of Friendship 1 (1947-1960s)

Gone Apart 2 (1960s-1979)
Pak Again A Front Line Ally 3 (1979-1987)
Decade of Disenchantment 4 (1987-9/11)
Alliance Restored 5 (9/11- to date)

CONCLUSION
Pak, a colony of America
Short term Engagement with different interests
Incoherent bond- How long Pak can afford?
Pak to go for other options.

Updated analysis- 09
May, 09- Hillary said, she was impressed with the recent
efforts by pak., following her recent criticism on Islamabad.
June, 09- Pak. & US have different problems concerning
terrorism. And one of the greatest problem is the arrogant
presumption by Washington that Islamabad must do as it is
told. (Brian Claughghley).
US has taken backseat driving The only to get out of US
interference is by charting our own course.
Aug.09: Mehsuds death could help to quell some of
public anger over US drone strikes, launched from secret
bases in pak. with govt. tacit approval.
Aug.09: Joint task force to be formed to over-come energy
crisis ( but Pak to withdraw from Iran pipe- line deal).

Pakistan pays heavy

price

Pakistan pays heavy price:

WOT has become Pakistans own war. Upsurge in domestic terrorism.
Musharaf regime avoided the lasting bring institutional reforms
necessary to sustain sound economy. Only 9% of aid spent on
development.
Musharaf manipulated a series of political manipulations designed to
increase his own power unconstitutionally. His flawed devolution plan,
attack on Judiciary & his various provisional orders did not evoke any
opposition from US All contributed in bits & pieces towards reenforcing military domination.
This all contributed to prolonging the political pathologies now familiar
in Pakistan- alliance with Terrorists, extremism, under-development,
absence of strong & legitimate centers of moderation & continuing
dominance of a rural feudal class.
2008 elections also did not change situation & failed to arrest political
decline.
The world now considers Pakistan as the epi-center of terrorism/ a
failing state/ A mortal threat to the world
Confusion- how to tackle so many challenges of Pakistan. How to reverse
the trajectory.

COST OF RELATIONSHIP
Pak - A client state.
Dependency syndrome.
Democracy

Continued .

COST OF RELATIONSHIP

Interference
High Jacking of Foreign Policy
Carrot & Stick Policy
Extremism & political instability.
Russia, Afghanistan & India- our common foes.

Latest developments/
Comments

July 09- India concerned about US aid to Pakistan that it is

being used/ diverted to train terrorists against India.
Would we like to be rid of the dependence on this rich and
demanding uncle?

Questions??
1- Sided friendship.
Superficial/ False
relations.

.
2.

Pak US relations run

by strategic necessity/
expediency.

.
3. Uncomfortable
partners not
enlightened partnersComplex partnership

.
4. Different policies for India
& Pakistan. No parity in
treatment.
India is the counter- piece of
US policy. Transformation of
relations as India is a rising
major power

5. Pak US relations
lack sincerity.

6. Has Pak become a

US colony?

7. Pak pays heavy

price for its
friendship with US.

8. Can Pak US engage

with each other on
long term basis?

9. How Pak can

transform its single
foreign policy?

10. Rift in the

public.

Gossip 1
1947- Both embark on the course of firm friendship. US & its people anticipated a long
history of close & cordial relations.
Pakistan is the queerest country of the world. You even can not draw its map.
Oct.1949- Nehrus 1st visit to US.
May 1950- Liaquat visits US. We have chosen the path of free democracy, no room for
theocracy. ( he remained in US for two months).
May 1960- U-2 on its espionage mission. Khrushchev asserted, Peshawar will be
annihilated by Russian rockets if repeated.
1961- Ayub- Kennedy meeting Ayub said, We hope that you will have the same amount of
interest in our affairs|.
1962- Sino-India war. Us sends its Enterprise in to bay of Bengal to show its solidarity
with India. The war was a water shed.
Khrushchev on this war said, China is our neighbor & India is our friend
By end of 1962 US arms & planes starting flowing to India with supplies. By 1963, Delhi
had more US brass than Islamabad. Pakistan was certainly quick to express its dismay at
the volume of arms to India.
Our aim is to have most friendly & peaceful relation with as many countries as possible.
1963-Pak & China laid the foundation of normal & good neighborly relations. ( At
boundary settlement).

Gossip 2
Pak.-America alliance: Stresses & Strains. (Article in 1964).
Darkest phase/ Brightest phase of Pak. Us relations.- 1965 war- Ayub
sent formal request to US administration to provide assistance
against Indian aggression to invoke 1959 pact
Dec.1965- Ayub visits president Johnson. The later declares war , a
tragic with conflict. It was an inconclusive war. Tashkent
declaration- 3rd jan.66.
1971- Indira wanted to cripple Pakistan permanently.
Dec.15, 1971- Bhutto speaks to UN, tore up copy of resolution
& denounced the UN & stormed out the session. The same day
US nuclear air craft carrier, Enterprise, enters Bay of Bengal.
Dec.30, 1971- Kissinger said, Our relations with Pakistan were
marked by superficial friendliness that had little concrete
contents.
Simla agreement , unable to settle fundamental issues.

Gossip 3
1974- India test. How a country with a population of over 500 mn, most of them with a postal
address below poverty line afford to explore a nuclear device? Vital & valuable food was being
snatched from the mouths of Indian starved nation.. With emaciated hands clutching a begging
bow.
Bhutto describes the blast as a fateful development, A threat to pak. security .The explosion
introduced qualitative change in situationbetween India & Pak. Many assurances from India in
the past, have regrettably remained unhonoured. Yet India has indulged in the luxury of going
at a very great cost, very great risk
1976- Symington amendment
1982- Zia in Washington. Reagan speaks for unflinching support to Pakistan& stresses that
Washington will not waiver in its commitment to Islamabad. Deep relationship.
1985- Pressler,
1993- Pakistan firmly rejects US decision to put Pakistan on the watch list of terrorist states.
1993- US said India using heavy force in Kashmir.
1993-Kashmir under Presidential rule.
1994- India Us on the road of friendship. Us appreciates India s progress in ec.field & wanted to
work jointly. Indian prime minister N.Raos visit to Us was water shed.
1995- India-US also sign defense deal.
1995- Brown amendment
1996- Pak. receives & 124 mn under brown amendment.1997- Vajpayee as p.m. Ind-US to work in
hi-tech areas
India can play important role in Asia- Pacific region.
1997- India in a position to play a key role in international affairs-US admits.

Gossip 4
Dec.99-Subsequent to Pak. Tests, US imposed further sanctions against pak under
Glenn amendment.
Oct.99- Sanctions applied against Pak. For removing democratic govt..
Feb.2000- US concerns over terrorism & absence of democracy in Pak.
Mar. 00- US announces separate & distinct policies for both India & Pak.
Mar. 00- Clinton visits India. Highlights vision statement on new India- US agenda of
partnership for 21st century. Also regrets for ignoring India for 2 decades.
India & US natural allies. US also admits & admires Indias leadership in the region
& world.
Dec.00- US imposes missile sanctions on Pak. Pak. Says, sanctions unjustified.
Dec. 00- Brownback amendment adopted allowing Pak. Funds in basic education.
Jan.2001- Bush takes over as president. Urges Vajpayee in writing to start dialogue
with pak.. A separate letter also handed over to Musharaf for same.
Can US stand by Pak. Through thick & thin?
Can India Pak. overcome Pursuit the path of reconciliation & rapprochement ? Can
we build tension free relations & legacy of distrust & hostility?
2001- Relations with Pak. In the past have relatively been false.
Disenchanted allies. Denis Klux.
2000- Pak. Rejects accusations that it acquired missile technology from China.

Gossip- 5

Sep. 23, 2001. Bush lifts nuclear related sanctions on India & Pak.
Sep.28, 01- Bush lifts democracy related sanctions after 11 years.
Nov.01- Bush- Musharaf meeting in new York. $ 1 bn given.
July 2009- Hillary in India- Announces Strategic partnership with India & Defense
deal. Indias relations strengthening on Israel-US pattern
1- Sided friendship. Superficial/ False relations.
Pak- US relations run by strategic necessity/ expediency.
Uncomfortable partners not enlightened partners- Complex partnership.
Korean war was the 1st in a series of projected communist aggression to Asia.
Pak always had subservient/ subsidiary allince with west. There was no outlet for
Pak. But no public opinion was sought. So Pak by doing so earned the implacable
hostility of Soviets, which offered whole some support to India on Kashmir & to
Afgh over pukhtunistan. By joining Seato & Cento, Pak decided to forego ideology.
Kennedy offeredunilateral arm sale to India. Arms also rushed from UK, & other
commonwealth countries against Chinese thrust.
Paks simmering discontent with west in 1962 on treatment between an ally & a
neutral.

Gossip- 6
Pak was converted into a military spring board by west in
South Asia in 1960 against USSR, India, China &
Afghhanistan & oter Asian countries & US strenghtened
control over Pak.
1962- A watershed in Chinas attitude towards India.
China wanted Pak to detach from US & it it saw in Pak a
pliable tool to project its image in west especially in AfroAsian countries.

India- US & Pakistan

Upgrading of ties between US & India since
Clinton time (After cold war era)
Different policies for India & Pakistan. No parity
in treatment.
India is the counter- piece of US policy.
Transformation of relations as India is a rising
major power.
Defense & nuclear deals.
Sharp contrast in the behaviors of Clinton &
Bushs visits.