A PERSENTATION

ON

North Western
Railway,jaipur
IN

ECE Engineering
Submitted to
MR.ANURAG GARG

9/2/2015

Submitted by:
RAKESH KUMAR
12EC98

CONTENTS
1.INTRODUCTION
2.PRS SYSTEM
3.MICROWAVE
COMMUNICATION
4.OFC
COMMUNICATION
5.RAILWAY
SIGNALLING
6.TRACK CIRCUIT
7.POINT MACHINE
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INTRODUCTION OF INDIAN
RAILWAY
Indian Railway is 162 years old(16
April 1853)
It is largest railway system in world
under one management.
17 lakh workers works with 10,000
officers.
Indian Railway covers 65,436 km of
route.
It runs 12,617 passengers trains
every day.

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PASSENGER RESERVATION
SYSTEM
PRS is computerized reservation
system for any train from
anywhere in country.
It works at the data rate of 4.8 or
9.6 kbps.
There are mainly 5 servers in
India.
The PRS application CONCERT is
the worlds largest online
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PRS set up in Railway

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Microwave communication

Sending , receiving the information

inform of microwave.
Railway microwave station provide
communication to control room , rail net
and signaling department.
Microwave freq. spectrum is from 3Ghz to
300Ghz.
Spectrum Allotted to railway- 7.125Ghz to
7.425Ghz.
Microwave band is mostly used in
satellite and navigational purpose.

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Block Diagram of Microwave Centre

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MW Antenna
Due to directive antenna the signal is not
spread , so interference of other
communication system is very negligible.
At MW freq. there is no atmospheric or man
made noise. The only noise is thermal noise

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Block diagram of OFC

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RAILWAY SIGNALING
The railway signaling is a system used to
control railway traffic safely & to prevent
trains from colliding
Railway signaling domain is mostly operated
using traditional technology, trains cannot
collide with each other if they are not
permitted to occupy the same section of track

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STOP SIGNALS

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ROUTE & SPEED SIGNALING

Under Route signaling ,a driver is
informed which route the train
will take beyond each signal with
the help of route indicator.
Under speed signaling, the driver
is not informed which route the
train will take ,but the signal
aspect inform him at what speed
he may proceed.
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Instrument used in signaling

Relay
Relays are electro-mechanical
devices used for switching. Relays
are used to make the signaling logic
circuits in the interlocking plants.
They consists of one or two
magnetic coils (electro magnets)
and a set of contacts. It work on
electromagnetic principle .
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TRACK CIRCUIT
The track circuit is applied to a
section or block of track.
A low voltage battery is applied to
one of the running rails in the block
and returned via the other.
A relay at the entrance to the section
detects the voltage and energizes to
connect a separate supply to the
green lamp of the signal.
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TRACK CIRCUIT - BLOCK

UNOCCUPIED

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TRACK CIRCUIT - BLOCK

OCCUPIED

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How to change track

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Point machine
Point machines are the places
where a train changes tracks
Tracks are moved either in normal
or reverse with the help of a point
machine.

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Principle of point machine

In the earliest times ,railway turnouts

were operated manually by simple
levers to move railroad switch.
Modern point machines have an
electric motor & gears to convert the
rotational motion of motor into the
linear motion required to switch the
points.
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Conclusion
We learnt about working of
PRS and communication
system in the railway.
We also took knowledge
about the Railway signaling.
Gain knowledge about the
instruments used in those
systems.
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Thank you

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