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Chapter 4
Applications of Derivatives

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Overview:
We use derivatives:
To find extreme values of functions,
To determine and analyze the shapes of
graphs,
And to find numerically where a function
equals zero.

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4.1
Extreme Values of Functions

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 How to identify extreme values (max/min) of a

function from its derivative.

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Abs. max. value

of 1.

Abs. max. value

of 1.
Abs. min. value of
0 (twice).

Abs. min. value

of -1.

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Example 1:

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Finding extrema.

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Places where f can possibly have an extreme

value are:
interior points where f ' 0.
interior points where f ' is undefined.
Endpoints of the domain of f.

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4.2
The Mean Value Theorem

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4.3
Monotonic Functions and
the First Derivative Test

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4.4
Concavity and Curve Sketching

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The curve falls

below its tangents,
the slopes are
decreasing.

The curve rises

above its tangents,
the slopes are
increasing.

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Points of inflection.

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Example 4:

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Example 5:

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Second derivative test for local extrema.

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4.5
Applied Optimization

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4.6
Newtons Method

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4.7
Antiderivatives

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