Professional Documents
Culture Documents
HERQUTANTO
ENDANG BASUKI
JUDILHERRY BUSTAM
Introduction
Health is one of basic human rights (WHO,1948)
Health is the state of physical, mental, and social
Health is A Right
health, which is a state of complete physical,
ELEMENT OF A SYSTEM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
INPUT
PROCESS
OUT PUT
FEED BACK
IMPACT
ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENT
INPUT
PROCESS
OUTPUT
FEEDBACK
ENVIRONMENT
OUTCOME
Important Distinctions
Health vs. Health Care
Dr Shahram Yazdani
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1.
2.
3.
4.
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12
Goals/Outcomes of the
Health System
Delivering services
(provision)
I
N
Coverage
Creating resources
Responsiveness to
people
P
U
Health
Financing (collecting,
pooling, purchasing)
T
S
Stewardship
(oversight)
Provider
Performance
People protected
from financial risk
Adopted from WHO (2002)
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15
HEALTH SYSTEM
Sub-System
Health Service
SubSystem
Health Financing
Health Financing
Health Service
HEALTH SYSTEM
Quality control
Financial Control
QUALITY
Allocate
Resource
$
$
$
Payment
Fundamental
Importance
Universal Access
Comprehensive
Benefits
Equal Benefits
Fair Burdens
Generational
Solidarity
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Wise Allocation
Effective Treatment
Quality Care
Efficient Management
Individual Choice
Personal
Responsibility
Professional Integrity
Fair Procedures
1. Fundamental Importance
Healthcare is of fundamental moral importance
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2. Universal Access
Everyone must have access to healthcare services
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3. Comprehensive Benefits
The healthcare system should meet the full range
25
4. Equal Benefits
Healthcare services should only reflect differences in
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5. Fair Burdens
The costs and burdens of meeting healthcare needs
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6. Generational Solidarity
The system should respond to needs at each stage of
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7. Wise Allocation
Society must wisely balance what it spends on health
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8. Effective Treatment
Since funds will always be limited, it is a medical as
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9. Quality Care
This clause mandates creation of systems of quality
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health professionals and protect the professionalpatient relationship while ensuring that the
professionals fulfill their responsibilities to their
patients.
35
36
Decentralization
The term decentralization has been used to connote a
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2.
3.
4.
5.
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Aspects of Decentralization
Aspects of Decentralization
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INDONESIA NATIONAL
HEALTH SYSTEM
HERQUTANTO
ENDANG BASUKI
JUDILHERRY BUSTAM
Introduction
To achieve the state of health, several efforts need to
Present Situation
Philosophy
Ideal Philosophy: Pancasila (Five Principle)
Constitutional: the 1945 constitution
Chapter 28 A
Chapter 28 C verse 1
Chapter 28 H verse 1 and 3
Chapter 34 verse 2 and 3
Basic Principle
Humanity
Human Right
Fairness
Community Empowerment
Partnership
Effectiveness and efficiency
Good Governance
Position of NHS
Supra system: National Administrative/
Governmental system
Interaction with other system:
Sub-system of NHS
Healthcare system
Health finance system
Healthcare human resource system
Drugs and health logistic system
Community empowerment system
Health management system
Healthcare System
Affordable
Accessible
Healthcare
system
Highest Level
Of Health Status
Quality
Characteristic of Healthcare
Public Health
Parameter
Individual health
PH specialist
Prevention
Community
High
Yes
Subject
Salary
Community
Exist
Complex
Personnel
Main Goal
Target
Efficiency
Advertising
Regulation
Income
Responsibility
Monopoly
Administration
Doctor
Cure
Individual
Low
No
Object
Fee
Patient
Not exist
Simple
Government
Policy
Health Science
& Technology
Health
care
Community
Needs &
Demand
Main element
Public health (public goods):
Health promotion
Health maintenance
Communicable Disease Control
Mental Health
Non-communicable Disease Control
Environmental health & basic sanitation
Community nutrition
Drug and logistic safety
Disaster and Emergency Management
Main element
Individual health (private goods):
Health promotion
Health prevention
Ambulatory care
Hospital care
Disability limitation
Rehabilitation
Traditional and alternative medicine
Physical fitness and cosmetics
Public Health
Primary: Health Center/Puskesmas
Individual health
Primary: Puskesmas, private practice, midwifery,
Main element
Fund raising: activities to raise funds needed to
Main element
Planning: type, number, specification
Training & education: recruitment and development
of human resource
Placement: distribution, utilization, supervision,
monitoring
Main element
Drug and logistic supply: efforts to supply drugs and
Community Empowerment
Main element
Individual empowerment:
Minimum target: practicing healthy and clean lifestyle
Maximum target: active involvement as health cadre
Group empowerment: to serve, to advocate, to watch
Community empowerment
Health Management
Main element
Health administration: planning, doing, checking,