Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Training Outline
OSI
Layer
Packet Header
Mac Address
IP Address and subnetting
IP Protocol
Basic networking, DNS, gateway
04-122
1/12/12
Internet Topologi
04-123
1/12/12
resentation
Session
Transport
Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI)
adalah sebuah model
referensi arsitektur
ApplicationSet
antarmuka jaringan yang
dikembangkan oleh ISO
yang kemudian menjadi
konsep standard
komunikasi jaringan di
hampir semua perangkat
TransportSet
jaringan.
Network
04-124
1/12/12
Session
Transport
SMTP
HTTP
FTP
Telnet
Physical
04-125
DHCP
SNMP
TFTP
UDP
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
IP
Network
Link
DNS
ICMP
Mac Address, Switch
ARP
1/12/12
Packet Header
IP version (4)
IP Header Length
Type of service
ver
IHL
ToS
16 bit total length
fragment offset flag/length
16 bit identification
TTL
protocol 16 bit header checksum
32 bit source IP Address
32 bit destination IP Address
options (if any)
Time to Live
data
04-126
1/12/12
MAC Address
1/12/12
ARP Table
Merupakan protokol
penghubung antara layer 2
data-link dan 3 network.
ARP Table di router
merupakan daftar host yang
terhubung langsung berisi
informasi pasangan mac
address dan
ip address.
Di IPv6 arp digntikan
dengan NDP (Network
04-128
1/12/12
IP Address
04-129
1/12/12
Pengelompokan IP Address
1/12/12
IP Subneting (contoh 1)
Contoh:192.168.0.0/24
lNetmask
: 255.255.255.0
lPrefix
: /24
lIP Network : 192.168.0.0
lFirst HostIP: 192.168.0.1
lLast HostIP : 192.168.0.254
lBroadcast : 192.168.0.255
lHostIP
: total IP di dalam Subnet () minus 2
04-131
1/12/12
IP Subneting (contoh 2)
Contoh:192.168.0.0/25
lNetmask
: 255.255.255.128
lPrefix
: /25
lIP Network : 192.168.0.0
lFirst HostIP: 192.168.0.1
lLast HostIP : 192.168.0.126
lBroadcast : 192.168.0.127
lHostIP
: total IP di dalam Subnet () minus 2
04-132
1/12/12
Tabel Subnet
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Prefix
No of IP
Usable IP
/24
256
254
255.255.255.128
/25
128
126
255.255.255.192
/26
64
62
255.255.255.224
/27
32
30
255.255.255.240
/28
16
14
255.255.255.248
/29
255.255.255.252
/30
04-133
1/12/12
Public IP Address
IP Address
10.0.0.0
10.255.255.255(www.idnic.net)
(10./8)
Alokasi dariAPNIC/IDNIC
172.16.0.0
172.31.255.255 (172.16./12)
Private
IP Address
IP Address
192.168.0.0
yang diperuntukkan
192.168.255.255
untuk jaringan
(192.168./16)
lokal (tidak
dapat diakses di jaringan internet)
04-134
1/12/12
IP / subnet
Self Identification
0.0.0.0/8
Localhost
127.0.0.1
Not Used
Other 127.0.0.0/8
Multicast
224.0.0.0/4
169.245.0.0/16
TEST-NET-1
192.0.2.0/24
TEST-NET-2
198.51.100.0/24
TEST-NET-3
203.0.113.0/24
192.88.99.0/24
Benchmark Test
198.18.0.0/15
Future Used
240.0.0.0/4
Limited Broadcast
255.255.255.255/32
1/12/12
IP Protocol
04-136
1/12/12
Disalurkan
berbasis best effort sehingga
Prinsip kerja:
Host (router ataupun tujuan) akan
mendeteksi apabila terjadi
Name
Echo Reply
Unassigned
Unassigned
3
4
5
Destination
Unreachable
Source Quench
Redirect
Alternate Host
Address
Unassigned
9
10
11
Echo
Router
Advertisement
Router Solicitation
04-138
1/12/12
Client SYN
Server
Server SYN-ACK Client
Connection
Oriented
Client ACK
Server
Koneksi diawali
Reliable
Transmission
04-140
1/12/12
Flow
Control
Mendeteksi supaya satu host tidak mengirimkan
data ke host lainnya terlalu cepat
Segment Size Control
Mendeteksi besaran MSS (maximum segment
size) yang bisa dikirimkan supaya tidak terjadi IP
fragmentation
Congestion Control
TCP menggunakan beberapa mekanisme untuk
mencegah terjadinya congestion pada network
04-141
1/12/12
Internet
192.168.0.254/24
192.168.0.4/24
192.168.0.246/24
192.168.0.191/24
192.168.0.26/24
192.168.0.41/24
04-142
192.168.0.142/24
1/12/12
192.168.0.4/24
192.168.1.254/24
192.168.1.48/24
Internet
10.10.10.254/24
192.168.0.141/24
192.168.0.74/24
04-143
1/12/12
Ether3
192.168.4.151/24
04-144
Ether4
192.168.5.211/24
1/12/12
Internet
192.168.0.4/24
192.168.0.246/24
192.168.0.191/24
192.168.0.26/24
192.168.0.41/24
04-145
192.168.0.142/24
1/12/12
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