ME 58

Fluid Machinery
Summer 2015
Exam 1

Problem 1
Consider an axial flow gas turbine in
which air enters at the stagnation
temperature of 1050 K. The turbine
operates with a total pressure ratio of 4:1.
The rotor turns at 15500 rpm and the
overall diameter of the rotor is 30 cm. If
the total-to-total efficiency is 0.85, find
the power output per kg per second of
airflow if the rotor diameter is reduced to
20 cm and the rotational speed is 12,500
rpm. Take K=1.4.

Solution:
Using the isentropic PT relation:
= = 1050 K
= 706.32 K
Now we use total-to-total efficiency,
= (1,050 K 706.32 K)(.85)
= 292.13 K
=
; assume
= (1.005 KJ/kg.k)(292.13 K) = 293.6 KJ/kg
=84,862 J/kg (power input)

Problem 2.
Consider an axial flow pump, which
has rotor diameter of 32 cm that
discharges liquid water at the rate of
2.5m3/min while running at 1450 rpm.
The corresponding energy input is 120
J/kg, and the total efficiency is 78%. If a
second geometrically similar pump with
diameter of 22 cm operates at 2900 rpm,
what are its (1) flow rate, (2) change in
total pressure, and (3) input power?

Solution

Using the geometric and dynamic similarity equations,

= 2.363
As the head coefficient is constant,
=
The change in total pressure is,
)
= 1.77 bar

Then the input power is,

P=
P=8,935.29 watts or 8.94 kW

Problem 3
An axial-flow compressor handling air and
designed to run at 5000 rpm at ambient
temperature and pressure of 188C and
1.013 bar, respectively. The performance
characteristic of the compressor is obtained
at the atmosphere temperature of 258C.
What is the correct speed at which the
compressor must run? If an entry pressure of
65 kPa is obtained at the point where the
mass flow rate would be 64 kg/s, calculate
the expected mass flow rate obtained in the
test.

Solution:
Using speed parameter,

= 5000 rpm
= 5,366.2 rpm
Now using mass flow rate parameter,

= 44.07 kg/sec

EXAM 3
1
Problem

An axial flow pump has the following data:

Rotational speed 750rpm
Discharge of water 1.75 /s
Head 7.5m
Hub to runner dia. Ratio 0.45
Through flow velocity is 0.35 time the
peripheral velocity. Find the diameter and
minimum speed ratio.

Problem 2

In an axial flow pump, the rotor

Problem 4

The following are the test results for a

254 mm X 152 mm X 306 mm duplex,
direct-acting pump:
Time of test------------------ 1hour
Steam used @1.4 MPaa, sat---- 568kg
Steam exhaust pressure--------- .10 MPaa
Piston speed-------------------- 38
strokes/cylinder
Water pump ----------------------- 22,700 kg
Pump Total Dynamic Head ------76 m
Water temperature---------------- 82C

Determine:
(a)Pump duty
(b) Pump discharge rate
(c)Pump volumetric efficiency
(d)Water power

(a)Pump

duty
pump duty = ()
pump duty =
pump duty = 573,332.3077 J/s
(b) Pump discharge rate , Q
in steam table, @ 82C
Vf = 1.0305 x


970.40
Q = = Q = .39
(c.) pump volumetric efficiency ,
= LNn
=
= 0.422 /min

= %
= %
= 92.42 %
(d) Water power,
=
= (970.4 kg/)(9.81m/)(0.3976m)

= 4,702.69 W

Problem 5
Results of a test on a 245 mm x 152
mm x 305 mm duplex, direct-acting
pump are as follows:
Test time, 60 minutes
Steam used, 567kg @ 1.373 MPaa sat.
steam
Exhaust @ 0.101 MPaa
Speed, 38 strokes per minute per
cylinder
Water pumped, 22608 kg
Total Dynamic Head(TDH), 67m @

Determine:

1.) volumetric efficiency

2.) water power
Solution:
1.) @ 72.2C in steam table
Temperature
(
72C
1.0240
72.2C
73C
1.0247

= 1.02414 x
= 1/ , = 1/ 1.02414 x =976.43kg/
Q= , Q= = 0.386 /min

=LNn
=
= 0.421/min
=%
= 91.67%

= %

2.)
water power
=

= (976.43 kg/)(9.81m/)(0.386m)
= 4,128.77 W

Problem 4

Given:

penstock =30m
L penstock = 80m
f = 0.00093 coefficient of friction
Required:
a.) = ?
b.) = ?

Solution:

a.) By using Morse Equation:

=
Where:
= friction head loss
f = coefficient of friction
L = total length
D = inside diameter
V = velocity of water
g = gravitational acceleration

Thus,

net head or coefficient head, h =

?
Where,
h=
h = 30m 0.15 (30m)
h = 25.5m
Also,
h=
V=
V=
V = 22.37 m/s

Then

solving for = ?
=
=
= 1.687 m

b.) solving for = ?

Where: =
Then, Q = AV
Where, A = =
A = 2.235
Thus, Q = (2.235 )(22.37 m/s)
Q = 50

=
= 12,508,211.57 1W x
= 12,508.21 kW