Chapter 21 - Oxyacetylene Cutting

Oxyacetylene Cutting
After completing this chapter, you will be able to:

Demonstrate the proper and safe method of setting up
cylinders, regulators, hoses, and the cutting torch
Demonstrate how to maintain a cutting tip and torch
Demonstrate how to light a torch, adjust it, and make a
cut
Describe a good oxyacetylene cut
Discuss safety procedures to be followed when oxyfuel
cutting
Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting
Primary cutting process in oxyfuel gas cutting

(OFC)
Uses heat from oxygen fuel gas flame
Raises metal temperature to kindling temperature
High-pressure stream of oxygen is directed onto the metal,
causing it to be cut (rapidly oxidized)
Processes are identified by fuel type mixed with oxygen

to produce the preheat flame
Table 21-1 Fuel Gases

Used for Flame Cutting
FIGURE 21-1 (A) Oxyacetylene

portable cutting rig mounted on a
handcart for use in a shop area.
(B) Oxyacetylene setup mounted on a
trailer for use outside of a shop.
Larry Jeffus
Oxyfuel gas cutting

Used to cut iron base alloys (ferrous metals)
Low carbon steels (up to 0.3% carbon)
Easy to cut
High nickel steels, cast iron, and stainless steel

Considered uncuttable with OFC-A
Nonferrous metals (e.g., brass, copper, and aluminum)

Cannot be cut by oxyacetylene cutting
1) GOGGLES (shade 4-6)

2) GLOVES
3) PROTECTIVE CLOTHING
1) Working area must be clear of unnecessary items
2) Protect yourself and others from flying sparks
3) Support and balance the metal being cut
4) Clear space underneath the cut
5) Use proper technique in starting a cut
Oxyacetylene hand torch

Most common oxyfuel gas cutting torch
Most cutting tips are made of copper alloy, but some tips
are chrome
FIGURE 21-2 Oxyfuel cutting torch.

Thermadyne Industries, Inc
FIGURE 21-4 A mixing

chamber located in the tip.
American Welding Society
FIGURE 21-5 Injector

mixing torch.
American Welding Society
FIGURE 21-7 Different manufacturers have

differently designed cutting torch tip seats.
Larry Jeffus
Other Gases
Acetylene
THE CUTTING TIP
Preheat Flame
Holes
Cutting
Oxygen Hole
Exactly like setting up oxyfuel welding

equipment
Except for adjustment of gas pressures
Refer to Chapter #21 of the text
Greater detail and practice will take place in shop
Proper alignment of preheat holes will speed

up and improve the cut
FIGURE 21-19 Tip alignment for

a square cut. American Welding Society
FIGURE 21-20 Tip alignment

for a bevel cut. American Welding Society
Laying out a line

Done with soapstone or a chalk line
Scribe or a punch can be used
FIGURE 21-22 Holding the

punch slightly above the surface
allows the punch to be struck
rapidly and moved along a line
to mark it for cutting.
Larry Jeffus
Tips size selection:

Designated by manufacturer numbering system
Refer to manufacturers recommendation chart
Size needed is determine by material thickness
Pressure are then selected from chart
Table 21-6 Cutting Pressure and Tip Size
Oxyfuel gas cutting torch

Metal cut rapidly oxidizes or burns
High-pressure stream of oxygen is directed on metal
preheated above kindling point
Burning away of metal is a chemical reaction with iron

(Fe) and oxygen (O)
Oxygen forms an iron oxide
Heat is produced by metal as it burns
THE WELDING TORCH OXYGEN VALVE MUST BE

WIDE OPEN
THE HIGHER OXYGEN PRESSURE WILL CAUSE THE

OXYGEN TO BACK UP THE ACETYLENE HOSE,
CAUSING A HIGHLY EXPLOSIVE GAS TO COLLECT
IN THE ACETYLENE HOSE
PRESS THE CUTTING OXYGEN VALVE
THE SPACE LEFT WHEN THE METAL IS CUT
THE THICKNESS OR DISTANCE OF THE BEVEL
1.4
1
1
MAKE A SMALL GOUGE WITH A COLD CHISEL,

HACK SAW OR ZIP CUT
Oxyacetylene torch
Indispensable tool
Speedy
Accurate
Saves time
FIGURE 21-92 Nuts and bolts on this rusty

plow could not be taken off without a torch.
Larry Jeffus
Next set of slides deal with flame cutting

technique
Review if time permits
Allow better control and even cutting
FIGURE 21-38 Using angle irons to aid in making cuts.

Cengage Learning 2012
Easier if one side of the metal is scrap

Cut is turned out a short distance into the scrap side
No side is scrap
Forward movement should be stopped before
releasing cutting lever
FIGURE 21-40 Turning out into

the scrap to make stopping and
starting points smoother.
Burning a hole in the plate
FIGURE 21-59 Sequence for piercing a plate.

FIGURE 21-83 Small diameter pipe

can be cut without changing the angle
of the torch. After the top is cut, roll
the pipe to cut the bottom.
FIGURE 21-84 On large diameter

pipe, the torch is turned to keep it at
a right angle to the pipe. The pipe
should be cut as far as possible
before stopping and turning it.
THE CUT WILL BE CLEAN AND FREE OF SLAG
THE KERF WILL HAVE A ROUNDED TOP EDGE AND

SLAG WILL ADHERE TO THE BOTTOM OF THE CUT
NOT ENOUGH PREHEAT WAS USED

Chapter 21 - Oxyacetylene Cutting

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Chapter 21 - Oxyacetylene Cutting

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Oxyacetylene Cutting

After completing this chapter, you will be able to:

Primary cutting process in oxyfuel gas cutting

Processes are identified by fuel type mixed with oxygen

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Table 21-1 Fuel Gases

FIGURE 21-1 (A) Oxyacetylene

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Oxyfuel gas cutting

High nickel steels, cast iron, and stainless steel

Nonferrous metals (e.g., brass, copper, and aluminum)

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

1) GOGGLES (shade 4-6)

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

1) Working area must be clear of unnecessary items

2) Protect yourself and others from flying sparks

3) Support and balance the metal being cut

4) Clear space underneath the cut

5) Use proper technique in starting a cut

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Oxyacetylene hand torch

FIGURE 21-2 Oxyfuel cutting torch.

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

FIGURE 21-4 A mixing

FIGURE 21-5 Injector

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

FIGURE 21-7 Different manufacturers have

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

THE CUTTING TIP

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Exactly like setting up oxyfuel welding

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Proper alignment of preheat holes will speed

FIGURE 21-19 Tip alignment for

FIGURE 21-20 Tip alignment

Laying out a line

FIGURE 21-22 Holding the

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Tips size selection:

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Table 21-6 Cutting Pressure and Tip Size

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Oxyfuel gas cutting torch

Burning away of metal is a chemical reaction with iron

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

THE WELDING TORCH OXYGEN VALVE MUST BE

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

THE HIGHER OXYGEN PRESSURE WILL CAUSE THE

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

PRESS THE CUTTING OXYGEN VALVE

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

THE SPACE LEFT WHEN THE METAL IS CUT

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

THE THICKNESS OR DISTANCE OF THE BEVEL

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

MAKE A SMALL GOUGE WITH A COLD CHISEL,

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

FIGURE 21-92 Nuts and bolts on this rusty

Chapter #21 Oxyacetylene Cutting

Next set of slides deal with flame cutting