Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2. Types of Detectors
2.1. There are three broad classifications
of fire detection:
Heat, Smoke & Flame Detectors.
2.2. Fire Detectors are used in a variety
of fire prevention and suppression
systems.
4. Smoke Detectors
4.1. Smoke detectors respond to the
presence of smoke
4.2. General Information
PROPER LOCATION OF
SMOKE DETECTORS
Bedroom
No. 1
Hallway
On Each Level
of House
Bedroom
No. 2
Dining
Living
Room
Room
Basement
VS 19-2
Outside Sleeping
Areas
Dining
Kitchen
BR
BR
Bath
Master Bedroom
VS 19-3
Best in
Center of
Ceiling
Dead Air
Space
Horizontal
Distance
from Peak
No Closer
than
4 inches
(102 mm)
From
Side Wall
Mount on Wall
at least
4 inches
(102 mm)
from ceiling
No more than
12 inches
(305 mm)
from ceiling
Best Location
Acceptable Location
3 Feet
(1m)
5. Flame Detectors
5.1. Flame detectors respond to the
presence of a flame
5.2. General Information
5.3. Principle of Operation
Water
70 psi
Activation/Trip
pressure = 40 psi
Air pressure should be
50 55 psi
Activation/Trip
pressure set by
the manufacture
Fire Department
Connections
Combustibility
of Content
Amount of
Combustibles
Heat
Liberation
Heads Open
Light
Low
Low
Low
Few
Ordinary
Group 1
Low
Moderate
Moderate
Moderate
Ordinary
Group 2
Moderate
Moderate High
Moderate High
Moderate
Extra Hazard
Group 1
Very High
Very High
Very High
Many
Extra Hazard
Group 2
Very High
Very High
Very High
Many
SPRINKLER PIPING
riser
(alarms, water flow
valve, sprinkler valve)
tank
yard main
(or natural water supply
6 8
always below freeze line
open or
closed
cross main
sprinkler head
branch lines
should be
open
feed main
post indicator valve
pad lock
unlock to
close valve
VS 15-4
Main Control
Valve
(OS&Y)
VS 15-5
PIV (Post
Indicator Valve)
Lever
Arms
Valve
Cap
VS 15-3
SPRINKLER DESIGNS
Pendant
Upright
Sidewall
RELEASING MECHANISMS
Fusible
Link
(Standard)
Chemical
Pellet
Frangible
Bulb
Fusible Link
(Quick
Response)
VS 15-2
VS 15-3
SPRINKLER DESIGNS
Pendant
Upright
Sidewall
High
250-3000F
Red
Extra High 325-3750F
Green
Very High 400-4750F
Orange
Ultra High 500-6500F
Extra High
Hazard
90 ft2
As = S X L
Where S is the distance between heads on
the lines and L is the distance between branch
lines.
AS = S x L
S = 3 x 2 = 6 or 10
L = 4 x 2 = 8 or 9
AS = S x L
AS = 90 ft
Local application
applying CO2 over the surface of the tank
local application
portable
fire departments
air
liquid
mechanical
agitation
1. Introduction
1.1. Principles of Explosion Prevention
a) Venting to relieve the pressure
b) Suppression to extinguish or retard the
deflagration
c) Purging to eliminate the combustible
mixture
3. Explosion Suppression
3.1. Elements in the system
3.1.1. Pressure Detector
3.1.2. Suppressors
3.1.3. Suppressant Material