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Anatomy of skin
Epidermis
Outer layer contains the stratum corneum
The rate limiting step in dermal or percutaneous
absorption is diffusion through the epidermis
Dermis
Much thicker than epidermis
True skin & is the main natural protection against
trauma
Contains
Sweat glands
Sebaceous glands
Blood vessels
Hair
Nails
Subcutaneous Layer
Burns
Burns are skin damage and deeper
tissue caused by contact with fire,
heat, electricity, radiation, or caustic
chemicals.
Burn Types
Burns are classified according to the depth and extent of
the skin damage, in the following way:
First-degree burns: the skin is red, painful and very
sensitive to touch. The damaged skin may be slightly
moist from leakage of the fluid in the deeper layers of
the skin.
Second-degree burns: the damage is deeper and
blisters usually appear on the skin. The skin is still
painful and sensitive.
Third-degree burns: the tissues in all layers of the skin
are dead. Usually there are no blisters. The burned
surface can appear normal, white, black (charred), or
bright red from blood in the bottom of the wound.
Damage to skin nerves can mean it is quite painless. The
burned skin lacks sensation to touch. A skin graft is
usually necessary for significant areas.
Emergency treatment
Transfusions
Pain relief medications
Preventive antiseptics
Preventive antibiotics
Skin grafts
What is wounds?
Wounds types
Abrasions. Also called scrapes, they occur when the skin is rubbed away by friction
against another rough surface (e.g. rope burns and skinned knees).
Avulsions. Occur when an entire structure or part of it is forcibly pulled away, such
as the loss of a permanent tooth or an ear lobe. Explosions,gunshots, and
animal bites may cause avulsions.
Contusions. Also called bruises, these are the result of a forceful trauma that
injures an internal structure without breaking the skin. Blows to the chest,
abdomen, or headwith a blunt instrument (e.g. a football or a fist) can cause
contusions.
Crush wounds. Occur when a heavy object falls onto a person, splittingthe skin and
shattering or tearing underlying structures.
Cuts. Slicing wounds made with a sharp instrument, leaving even edges. They may
be as minimal as a paper cut or as significant as a surgical incision.
Lacerations. Also called tears, these are separating wounds that produce ragged
edges. They are produced by a tremendous force against the body, either from
aninternal source as in childbirth, or from an external source like a punch.
Missile wounds. Also called velocity wounds, they are caused by an object entering
the body at a high speed, typically a bullet.
Punctures.Deep, narrow wounds produced by sharp objects such as nails, knives,
and broken glass.
Vascular Response
Blood coagulation
Inflammation
Formation of new tissue
Epithelialisation
Contraction & Remodeling
Wounds treatment
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EmuHeal Cream
Pharmacology
Active ingredient
Emu Oil
Main active
substance
Action
Anti-inflammatory,
reepithelialization,
healing, increase
the absorption of
other ingredients
through the skin,
moisturizing and
.soothing
Active ingredient
Main active
substance
Action
Anti-inflammatory
and strong healing
.agent
Active ingredient
Main active
substance
Action
Terpinen-4-ol and
other constituents like
1,8-cineole alphaterpineol,
sesquiterpenoid,
and terpinolene
Active ingredient
Vitamin E
Main active
substance
Action